Cell Transmembrane Receptors Determine Tissue Pattern Stability

Beyer, Tilo; Meyer‐Hermann, Michael

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.148102

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…CXCR7 scavenger activity acting on the same cell that expresses CXCR4 may restrict unresponsiveness to CXCL12 to a narrow local environment not affecting the ambient concentration of the chemokine. The assumption is further supported by the notion that in vivo CXCL12 does not easily diffuse, but is locally retained with high affinity by cell surface glycosaminoglycans [58] and by the indication that cells can regulate local chemokine gradients in an autocrine way engaging their own receptors [59].Placing the findings of our study in the context of the available data on the role of the chemokine system in regulating GC B-cell movement and maturation [2,50], we propose the model shown in Fig. 6.…”

mentioning

confidence: 55%

CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation

Humpert

Pinto²,

Jarrossay³

et al. 2014

Eur J Immunol

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The atypical chemokine receptor CXCR7 binds the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL11. The receptor is widely expressed and was shown to tune CXCR12-induced responses of CXCR4. Here, the function of CXCR7 was examined at late stages of human B-cell maturation, when B cells differentiate into Ab-secreting plasmablasts. We identified two populations of CXCR7 + cells in tonsillar lymphocytes, one being presumably memory potential contribution of the scavenger receptor in final B-cell maturation. On in vitro differentiating B cells, we found a marked inverse correlation between CXCR7 and CXCR5 cell surface levels, whereas expression of CXCR4 remained almost constant. Migration assays performed with tonsillar mononuclear cells or in vitro differentiated cells revealed that inhibition of CXCR7 markedly increases chemotaxis toward CXCL12, especially at late stages of B-cell maturation. Chemotaxis was attenuated in the presence of CXCR4 antagonists, confirming that migration is CXCR4 mediated. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate a novel role for CXCR7 in regulating the migration of plasmablasts during B-cell maturation.Keywords: Atypical chemokine receptor r B cells r CXCR4 r CXCR5 r CXCR7Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site IntroductionAfter birth, B lymphopoiesis occurs in the BM, where cells progress through pro-B cell and pre-B cell stages. By expression of a functional BCR, B cells acquire antigen specificity and enter the periphery as transitional immature B cells, eventually maturing into follicular or marginal zone B cells [1]. Follicular B cells circulateCorrespondence: Dr. Marcus Thelen e-mail: marcus.thelen@irb.usi.ch between lymphoid organs and form GCs within secondary lymphoid organs upon activation. The GC splits up into two histological distinct compartments, the dark zone, where B cells are tightly packed and proliferate, and the light zone. Within the GC, CXCL12 is preferentially expressed in the dark zone, whereas CXCL13, which is also expressed in the follicle, is mainly found in the light zone. B cells may modulate the surface expression of CXCR5 and move between the zones of the GC attracted by CXCL12 and CXCL13 [2]. Activated B cells can grow and differentiate into plasmablasts in extrafollicular foci or form GCs within follicles [3,4]. Within the GC, activated B cells can differentiate into memory or plasma C 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim www.eji-journal.eu Eur. J. Immunol. 2014. 44: 694-705 Cellular immune response 695 cells [5]. Cells expressing a BCR with high avidity for an antigen differentiate preferentially along the plasma cell pathway and this process might be regulated by expression of factors such as the B-lymphocyte maturation-induced-protein-1, BCL-6, and X-box binding protein-1 [6][7][8] or cytokines such as IL-6 or APRIL [3]. Others showed that Bcl-2, the cytokine IL-21, and SWAP-70, which functions in activation, homing, and class switching of B cells, and is strongly upregulated in GC B cel...

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confidence: 55%

CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation

Humpert

Pinto²,

Jarrossay³

et al. 2014

Eur J Immunol

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“…A suitable choice of a s is crucial to ensure this condition is physically correct when imposed as a boundary condition. When considering the matrix equation (1) in the internal region, we note that the Hamiltonian used is not Hermitian due to the kinetic energy operator. Similar to standard R-Matrix theory [19], this is complemented through the addition of a Bloch operator L 1 such that (H N +1 + L 1 ) is Hermitian.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This area is of increasing relevance due to developments in laser physics allowing high intensity pulses to be generated for ever shorter wavelengths [1,2]. The accurate description of a multi-electron field-free atomic system requires substantial computational resources that increase exponentially with the number of electrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choice of dipole operator gauge in time-dependentR-matrix theory

Hutchinson

Lysaght

Hart

2010

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract.We investigate multi-photon ionization of Helium using the Time Dependent RMatrix method in order to assess the best choice of gauge for the description of the laser field when the system under investigation is a multi-electron system. Ionization probabilities are obtained using the length gauge and the velocity gauge and various He basis sets, when a minimum of three or four photons need to be absorbed to achieve ionization. The probabilities are found to converge for both gauges as the number of orbitals used in the basis set increases, but they are more consistent in the length gauge. Ionization probabilities can be compared to those derived from other theoretical calculations. Agreement is within 10% when ionization requires absorption of at least three photons, but the differences increase to 20-50% when absorption of four photons is required. Analysis of the multi-photon matrix elements provides further evidence for better consistency in the length gauge than the velocity gauge when high-lying states are excluded from the calculations, which is, at present, unavoidable for a multielectron system.

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“…This has come into reach with the recent advent of short-pulse x-ray sources and the related development of methods and instrumentation for ultrafast x-ray science [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Our first results on the picosecond (ps) dynamics in liquid water with time-resolved IR-pump and x-ray absorption-probe spectroscopy [53,54] were confirmed recently with the same technique [55] as will be reviewed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and dynamics in liquid water from x-ray absorption spectroscopy

Wernet

2009

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Oxygen K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of water are discussed. The spectra of gasphase water, liquid water and ice illustrate the sensitivity of oxygen K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy to hydrogen bonding in water. Transmission mode spectra of amorphous and crystalline ice are compared to x-ray Raman spectra of ice. The good agreement consolidates the experimental spectrum of crystalline ice and represents an incentive for theoretical calculations of the oxygen K-edge absorption spectrum of crystalline ice. Time-resolved infrared-pump and x-ray absorption probe results are finally discussed in the light of this structural interpretation.

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Cell Transmembrane Receptors Determine Tissue Pattern Stability

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation

CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation

Choice of dipole operator gauge in time-dependentR-matrix theory

Structure and dynamics in liquid water from x-ray absorption spectroscopy

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