Cell Viability of Candida albicans Against the Antifungal Activity of Thymol

Abstract

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus, but circumstantially it may cause superficial infections of the mucous membranes, such as denture stomatitis, when a biofilm is formed on the surface of dental prostheses. This study evaluated the cell viability of C. albicans biofilms against the antifungal activity of thymol when compared with miconazole, by the fluorescence imaging using SYTO 9 and propidium iodide dyes, and counting of colony forming units. C. albicans standard strains (ATCC 11006) were used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of drugs were determined by broth microdilution tests and the inoculum was standardized to match 0.5 on the McFarland scale (10 6 cfu/mL). Biofilms were grown on the surface of acrylic resin disks in parallel flow chambers from Sabouraud broth supplemented with 10% dextrose. For counting of colony forming units, the fungal solution was sequentially diluted and plated in Sabouraud dextrose agar. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=5%). Biofilms treated with thymol and miconazole presented low numbers of viable cells at the evaluated exposure times. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with control, and the mean value of the exposure times between miconazole and thymol did not differ significantly (p>0.05). In conclusion, both drugs have similar efficiency as antifungal agents against biofilms of C. albicans formed on acrylic surfaces.

A Preliminary Investigation on the Antimicrobial Activity of Listerine®, Its Components, and of Mixtures Thereof

“…The potent antibacterial (Karpanen et al, 2008, Didry et al, 1994, Shapiro et al, 1994, Botelho et al, 2007 and antifungal (de Vasconcelos et al, 2014, Pemmaraju et al, 2013 actions of T are well known. Its mechanism of action is based on cell membrane disruption, leakage of intracellular substances, and subsequent changes in transmembrane potential (Shapiro and Guggenheim, 1995).…”

Assessment of Listerine Cool Mint mouthwash influence on possible DNA damage measured by buccal micronucleus cytome assay-preliminary results

“…Then there is2.69 mM menthol that showed a cytotoxic activity on cell line A-375 at a concentration of 0.012 mM with 50% survival of cells (LC50) (Kijpornyongpan et al, 2014), and that acts on the lipid phase of plasma membrane (Kupisz et al 2015). Listerine thymol concentration is4.3 mM, and besides LC50 at 0.7 mM (Stammati et al, 1999), thymol demonstrated in those lower concentrations its antibacterial capabilities (Shapiro et al, 1994;Didry et al, 1994;Botelho et al, 2007;Karpanen et al 2008) in the Hep-2 cell line (Pemmaraju et al, 2013;de Vasconcelos et al, 2014). It also demonstrated that it affects cell membrane damage and hence the release of intracellular substances and changes in transmembrane potential (Shapiro and Guggenheim, 1995), probably not acting on calcium TRP channel receptors but through mitochondrial damage and stimulation on apoptosis.…”

Application of post-discharge region of atmospheric pressure argon and air plasma jet in the contamination control of Candida albicans biofilms

“…After this, the samples were incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours, under constant agitation (110 rpm) in an incubator shaker, and washed with phosphate buffer (PBS, pH 7.2 ± 0.1) to remove non-adherent cells (Vasconcelos et al, 2014). The samples were divided into three groups: (i) control group that was not treated; (ii) the group treated with the argon plasma, and (iii) the group treated with argon plus air plasma.…”