Cell wall changes during brown rot degradation of furfurylated and acetylated wood

Thygesen, Lisbeth Garbrecht; Beck, Greeley; Nagy, Nina Elisabeth; Alfredsen, Gry

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2021.105257

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In comparison, the fungal attack also increases the amount of small mesopores in comparison to the undecayed wood, but also produces a few larger pores as well ( Figure 7 ). Micropores below 4 nm in size (not measurable using nitrogen sorption) are also produced by brown-rot activity and this, combined with our experimental data, demonstrates that the fungal attack is more varied and complex than a single chemical attack, and thus may be more representative when attempting to replicate the condition of the archaeological specimens [ 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

et al. 2022

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Research on new conservation treatment for archaeological wood requires large amounts of wooden material. For this purpose, artificial wood degradation (biological—using brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana, and chemical—using NaOH solution) under laboratory conditions was conducted to obtain an abundance of similar samples that mimic naturally degraded wood and can serve for comparative studies. However, knowledge about its properties is necessary to use this material for further study. In this study, the chemical composition and microstructure of degraded cell walls were investigated using FT-IR, XRD, helium pycnometry and nitrogen absorption methods. The results show that biological degradation caused the loss of hemicelluloses and celluloses, including the reduction in cellulose crystallinity, and led to lignin modification, while chemical degradation mainly depleted the amount of hemicelluloses and lignin, but also affected crystalline cellulose. These changes affected the cell wall microstructure, increasing both surface area and total pore volume. However, the chemical degradation produced a greater number of mesopores of smaller size compared to fungal decomposition. Both degradation processes weakened the cell wall’s mechanical strength, resulting in high shrinkage of degraded wood during air-drying. The results of the study suggest that degraded wood obtained under laboratory conditions can be a useful material for studies on new consolidants for archaeological wood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

et al. 2022

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“…However, this is likely not the whole explanation as to how furfurylation protects wood against fungi. As mentioned above, recent research [114] has shown that in a situation where abundant moisture was present, a brown rot fungus was nevertheless able to initially remove 10%-15% of the dry mass of furfurylated wood with R mod = 0.36 g g −1 . The degradation happened during the first weeks of the experiment, but then stopped, even though conditions were not changed.…”

Section: Theoretical Basis For Wood Protection By Furfurylationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, a recent study found that fungal wood decomposition can take place if small thin-walled earlywood samples are subjected to an aggressive brown rot strain favored by continuous access to water. Even under these circumstances was the mass loss limited to 10-15% [114]. The degradation happened within the first few weeks of the experiment, and then degradation stopped.…”

Section: Biodeteriorationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Zelinka

Altgen

Emmerich

et al. 2022

Forests

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Wood modifications are becoming popular as a way to enhance the performance of wood, either to make it more durable, improve the performance of wood, or give it new functionality as a multifunctional or smart material. While wood modifications have been examined since the early 1900s, the topic has become a dominant area of study in wood science over the past decade. This review summarizes recent advances and provides future perspective on a selection of wood modifications, i.e., the methods that are currently commercialized (acetylation, furfurylation, and thermal modification), a rediscovered ancient practice (charring), a family of polymerization modifications that have so far made it to the pilot scale, and examples of novel wood-based functional materials explored at laboratory scale.

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“…This study is of significance to the distribution of moisture in wood, decay resistance, and dimensional stability [45]. Although acetylation can modify wood by reducing the number of hydroxyl groups on wood cell walls, the acetylated wood is deacetylated during the brown rot process, thus Thygesen et al (2021) used fungicidal polymers filling the wood cell walls to extend the modification of acetylation on wood [46].…”

Section: Acetylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of Wood Cell Wall Modification and Functional Improvement: A Review

Zhou

Liu

2022

Materials

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The modification of wood cell walls is based on the characteristics of the chemical composition and structure of the cell wall. Various physical and chemical modifications to these characteristics enhance the original properties of the cell wall and give additional functionality. Through complex modification, wood has also obtained the opportunity to become a multifunctional material. Scholars have paid more attention to the microscopic properties of the cell wall with continuous enrichment of modification methods and improvement of modification mechanisms. This article summarizes the methods of cell wall modification in recent years and proposes prospects for future development: (1) innovation of modifiers and combination with modification mechanism, as well as improvement of cell wall permeability; (2) the application directions of cell wall structures; and (3) the application of nano-technologies in cell wall modification. This review provides further ideas and technologies for wood modifications.

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Cell wall changes during brown rot degradation of furfurylated and acetylated wood

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

Effects of Biological and Chemical Degradation on the Properties of Scots Pine Wood—Part I: Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Cell Wall

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Research Progress of Wood Cell Wall Modification and Functional Improvement: A Review

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