Cellular and genetic basis for suppression of cytotoxic T cell generation by haloaromatic hydrocarbons

Clark, David A.; Sweeney, George D.; Safe, S.; Hancock, Elizabeth J.; Kilburn, Douglas G.; Gauldie, Jack

doi:10.1016/0162-3109(83)90007-3

Cited by 133 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Such associations are consistent with many laboratory experiments that have found severe impacts of HAHs on Tcell-mediated immunity in birds and mammals (22,26,32,33,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47). In a parallel investigation that studied herring gull chicks at nine colonies in the Great Lakes and one colony on the Atlantic coast, thymic atrophy was associated with increasing liver EROD activity (89).…”

Section: )supporting

confidence: 65%

“…(24,32,33,42,45). In many cases, these cell-mediated responses are suppressed without any effects on production of antibodies that depend on helper T-cell (THI) activity (33,43,45 response that are involved with cell division. In contrast, the in vivo skin test incorporates numerous events in the T-cell response, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production (90,91).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B lymphocytes, which mature in the bursa of Fabricius in birds and the bone marrow or Peyer's patches in mammals, produce antibodies that destroy invading microorganisms. High doses of HAHs suppress antibody responses (22,23,28,42,44,45,(48)(49)(50). HAHs reduce concentrations of retinol [vitamin A] and thyroxine (51)(52)(53)(54), which are important for immune function (55)(56)(57).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organochlorine-Associated Immunosuppression in Prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring Gulls from the Great Lakes: An Ecoepidemiological Study

Grasman¹,

Fox²,

Scanlon³

et al. 1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The objectives of this study were to determine whether contaminant-associated immunosuppression occurs in prefledgling herring gulls and Caspian terns from the Great Lakes and to evaluate immunological biomarkers for monitoring health effects in wild birds. During 1992 to 1994, immunological responses and related variables were measured in prefledgling chicks at colonies distributed across a broad gradient of organochlorine contamination (primarily polychlorinated biphenyls), which was measured in eggs. The phytohemagglutinin skin test was used to assess T-lymphocyte function. In both species, there was a strong exposure-response relationship between organochlorines and suppressed T-cell-mediated immunity. Suppression was most severe (30-45%) in colonies in Lake Ontario (1992) and Saginaw Bay (1992)(1993)(1994) for both species and in western Lake Erie (1992) for herring gulls. Both species exhibited biologically significant differences among sites in anti-sheep red blood cells antibody titers, but consistent exposure-response relationships with organochlorines were not observed. In Caspian terns and, to a lesser degree, in herring gulls, there was an exposure-response relationship between organochlorines and reduced plasma retinol (vitamin A). In 1992, altered white blood cell numbers were associated with elevated organochlorine concentrations in Caspian terns but not herring gulls. The immunological and hematological biomarkers used in this study revealed contaminantassociated health effects in wild birds. An epidemiological analysis strongly supported the hypothesis that suppression of T-cell-mediated immunity was associated with high perinatal exposure to persistent organochlorine contaminants.Environ Health Perspect 104(Suppl 4): 829-842 (1996)

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Section: )supporting

confidence: 65%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organochlorine-Associated Immunosuppression in Prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring Gulls from the Great Lakes: An Ecoepidemiological Study

Grasman¹,

Fox²,

Scanlon³

et al. 1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…IL-2) in TCDD-exposed mice challenged with influenza virus has been suggested to contribute to the impaired immune (CTL) response, and a more severe disease has been shown to occur in TCDD-exposed mice (Mitchell and Lawrence, 2003b). Mice exposed to as little as 10-100 ngTCDD/kg bodyweight experienced increased mortality in influenza infection (Burleson et al, 1996;House et al, 1990), and in HSV II infection (Clark et al, 1983). This profound sensitivity, however, has not been corroborated in other laboratories where increased mortality is reported to occur in the µg dose-range .…”

Section: Interactions Between Infection Nutrients and Xenobioticsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

2005

TemaNord

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“…Exposing the developing immune system of mammals and birds to low levels of PHAHs (e.g., PCBs and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzop-dioxin) has been shown to affect T-cell-mediated immunity. Toxic effects at several stages in T cell development contribute to thymic atrophy and to suppression of numerous T-cell functions (Clark et al, 1981(Clark et al, , 1983Vos and Luster, 1989;Tomar et al, 1991). Exposure to PHAHs also suppresses antibody production in laboratory animals (Clark et al, 1981(Clark et al, , 1983Kerkvliet et al, 1990) and increases vulnerability to bacteria, viruses, and protozoan parasites (Friend andTrainer, 1970, Vos andLuster, 1989).…”

Section: (Larus Argentatus) the Caspian Tern (Sterna Caspia) The Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Pollution-Induced Immunotoxicity in Wildlife Species

et al. 1997

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The potential for chemicals to adversely affect human immunologic health has traditionally been evaluated in rodents, under laboratory conditions. These laboratory studies have generated valuable hazard identification and immunotoxicologic mechanism data; however, genetically diverse populations exposed in the wild may better reflect both human exposure conditions and may provide insight into potential immunotoxic effects in humans. In addition, comparative studies of species occupying reference and impacted sites provide important information on the effects of environmental pollution on the immunologic health of wildlife populations. In this symposium overview, Peter Hodson describes physiological changes in fish collected above or below the outflows of paper mills discharging effluent from the bleaching process (BKME). Effects attributable to BKME were identified, as were physiological changes attributable to other environmental factors. In this context, he discussed the problems of identifying true cause and effect relationships in field studies. Mohamed Faisal described changes in immune function of fish collected from areas with high levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbon contamination. His studies identified a contaminant-related decreases in the ability of anterior kidney leukocytes to bind to and kill tumor cell line targets, as well as changes in lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens. Altered proliferative responses offish from the contaminated site were partially reversed by maintaining fish in water from the reference site. Peter Ross described studies in which harbor seals were fed herring obtained from relatively clean (Atlantic Ocean) ' Symposium held at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology (SOT), Anaheim, CA. Sponsored by the lmmunotoxicology Specialty Section of the SOT.2 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Mail Drop 92, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. E-mail: luebke.robert® epamail.epa.gov.3 Present address: Contaminant Sciences Section, Institute of Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2. and contaminated (Baltic Sea) waters. Decreased natural killer cell activity and lymphoproliferative responses to T and B cell mitogens, as well as depressed antibody and delayed hypersensitivity responses to injected antigens, were identified in seals fed contaminated herring. In laboratory studies, it was determined that rats fed freeze-dried Baltic Sea herring had higher virus titers after challenge with rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) than rats fed Atlantic Ocean herring; perinatal exposure of rats to oil extracted from Baltic herring also reduced the response to challenge with RCMV. Keith Grassman reported an association between exposure to polyhalogenated aryl hydrocarbons and decreased T cell immunity in the offspring of fish-eating birds (herring gulls and Capsian terns) at highly contaminated sites in the Great Lakes. The greatest suppression of skin test responses to phytohemagglutinin injection (an indicator of T cell immunity) was consis...

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Cellular and genetic basis for suppression of cytotoxic T cell generation by haloaromatic hydrocarbons

Cited by 133 publications

References 20 publications

Organochlorine-Associated Immunosuppression in Prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring Gulls from the Great Lakes: An Ecoepidemiological Study

Organochlorine-Associated Immunosuppression in Prefledgling Caspian Terns and Herring Gulls from the Great Lakes: An Ecoepidemiological Study

Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

Aquatic Pollution-Induced Immunotoxicity in Wildlife Species

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