Cellular and Molecular Interaction of Human Dermal Fibroblasts with Bacterial Nanocellulose Composite Hydrogel for Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

The evaluation of the interaction of cells with biomaterials is fundamental to establish the suitability of the biomaterial for a specific application. In this study, the properties of bacterial nanocellulose/acrylic acid (BNC/AA) hydrogels fabricated with varying BNC to AA ratios and electron-beam irradiation doses were determined. The manner these hydrogel properties influence the behavior of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) at the cellular and molecular levels was also investigated, relating it to its application both as a cell carrier and wound dressing material. Swelling, hardness, adhesive force (wet), porosity, and hydrophilicity (dry) of the hydrogels were dependent on the degree of cross-linking and the amount of AA incorporated in the hydrogels. However, water vapor transmission rate, pore size, hydrophilicity (semidry), and topography were similar between all formulations, leading to a similar cell attachment and proliferation profile. At the cellular level, the hydrogel demonstrated rapid cell adhesion, maintained HDFs viability and morphology, restricted cellular migration, and facilitated fast transfer of cells. At the molecular level, the hydrogel affected nine wound-healing genes (IL6, IL10, MMP2, CTSK, FGF7, GM-CSF, TGFB1, COX2, and F3). The findings indicate that the BNC/AA hydrogel is a potential biomaterial that can be employed as a wound-dressing material to incorporate HDFs for the acceleration of wound healing.

Improvement of the Wound-Healing Process by Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan/Collagen Blend Electrospun Nanofibers: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

“…The fabricated Cur-loaded Cho/PEO/Col nanofibers showed a higher cell viability percentage compared with Col, Cho/PEO, and control sample on the third day. The obtained results confirmed the effective impact of cell–biomaterial interaction between fabricated nanofibers (with nanoscale fiber diameter, specific surface area, and high porosity) and HDF cells . Col nanofibers were introduced as a promising wound dressing in the wound-healing process.…”

Nigella sativa and Its Active Compound, Thymoquinone, Accelerate Wound Healing in an In Vivo Animal Model: A Comprehensive Review

“…Furthermore, fatty acid component of NS such as oleic and linoleic acid maintain the water barrier and promote wound healing by selectively transferring in and out of the wound during the healing process [67]. Fatty acid activates neutrophil phagocytosis and releases cytokine and growth factors, leading to the improvement of wound healing [68,69].…”

Bacterial Cellulose-Based Composite Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Tissue engineering methods commonly utilize exogenous 3D extracellular matrices (ECMs) as scaffolds to accumulate cells in tissues, control tissue structure, and regulate cell phenotype . Recently, researchers reported that hydrogel-based bioactive scaffolds possess essential properties to become highly effective ECMs and have the potential to achieve cell adhesion and tissue proliferation . More specifically, hydrogel scaffolds play various important roles on tissue engineering, including space fillers, carriers of biologically active molecules, and 3D structures that act as tissue cells and induce stimuli to guide the formation of target tissues. , To date, different kind of natural polymers like proteins, hyaluronic acid and a variety of synthetic polymers include PVA, PAA and PAAm have been used in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds .…”