Cellular aspects of folate and antifolate membrane transport.

Brzezińska, Agnieszka; Wińska, Patrycja; Balińska, Małgorzata

doi:10.18388/abp.2000_3992

Cited by 65 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Folate: Dietary folates exist mainly in polyglutamate forms, which must be deconjugated, through hydrolysis, to the monoglutamyl form before absorption. This occurs in the intestine and is accomplished by the folylpoly-γ-glutamate carboxypeptidase (FGCP) (Brzezinska et al 2000). Subsequently, folate monoglutamates are absorbed and reach the bloodstream.…”

Section: The Role Of B Vitamins In Homocysteine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5-MethylTHF monoglutamate is the principal circulating form of folate, and is transported across the cell membranes. The highest cellular uptake of folate, including its absorption in the intestine, occurs via a specialized membrane carrier system identified as the reduced folate carrier (RFC) (Brzezinska et al 2000). This carrier is ubiquitously expressed and preferentially transports 5-methylTHF (Maddox et al 2003;Whetstine et al 2002;Wong et al 1995).…”

Section: The Role Of B Vitamins In Homocysteine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: An overview

Castro

Rivera

Blom

et al. 2006

J of Inher Metab Disea

278

260

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Hyperhomocysteinaemia has been regarded as a new modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Homocysteine is a branch-point intermediate of methionine metabolism, which can be further metabolised via two alternative pathways: degraded irreversibly through the transsulphuration pathway or remethylated to methionine by the remethylation pathway. Both pathways are B-vitamin-dependent. Plasma homocysteine concentrations are determined by nongenetic and genetic factors. The metabolism of homocysteine, the role of B vitamins and the contribution of nongenetic and genetic determinants of homocysteine concentrations are reviewed. The mechanisms whereby homocysteine causes endothelial damage and vascular disease are not fully understood. Recently, a link has been postulated between homocysteine, or its intermediates, and an alterated DNA methylation pattern. The involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the context of homocysteine and atherosclerosis, due to inhibition of transmethylation reactions, is briefly overviewed.

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Section: The Role Of B Vitamins In Homocysteine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of B Vitamins In Homocysteine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: An overview

Castro

Rivera

Blom

et al. 2006

J of Inher Metab Disea

278

260

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, we have demonstrated the mechanistic insights of the regulation of folate transport systems in HepG2 cells in conditions of alcoholism and folate deficiency. These results are important in the view of the fact because folate availability is an important determinant of the activities of the transport system [35,36]. Furthermore, the studies on the mechanism of regulation of folate transport via the transport proteins like the PCFT, RFC, and FR are of considerable importance in context of the antifolate resistance and subsequently in the novel drug delivery systems exploiting such routes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation at multiple levels control the expression of folate transporters in liver cells in conditions of ethanol exposure and folate deficiency

Thakur

Kaur

2015

BioFactors

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Complex regulatory mechanisms control the expression of folate transporters within cells. Liver is the primary reserve of the folate stores within the body. As excessive alcohol consumption or inefficient dietary folate intake are known to create folate deficiency, so therefore the current study was designed to explore various regulatory mechanisms controlling the expression of folate transport in liver cells in conditions of ethanol exposure and folate deficiency. In order to see whether the effects mediated by the treatments are reversible or not, ethanol removal, and folate repletion was done after ethanol exposure and folate deficiency treatment respectively. Folate deficiency resulted an increase, whereas ethanol treatment decreased the folic acid uptake within the cells. The alterations in folic acid uptake were in agreement with the observed changes in the expression of folate transporters. Ethanol exposure resulted an increase in promoter methylation of reduced folate carrier; however, folate deficiency had no effect. The effects produced by ethanol exposure and folate deficiency were found to be reversible in nature as depicted in case of ethanol removal and folate repletion group. Rate of synthesis of folate transporters was found to be increased whereas half lives of mRNA of folate transporters was found to be decreased on folate deficiency treatment and reverse was the case on ethanol treatment. Overall, alteration in the expression of folate transporters under ethanol exposure and folate deficient conditions can be attributed to those regulatory mechanisms which work at the mRNA level.

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“…Thiazole derivatives are associated with a broad spectrum of biological properties, such as anticonvulsant, [4] antimicrobial, [4,5] antitubercular, [6] antiviral, [7] antimalarial, [8,9] anticancer, [10] antihypertensive, [11] anti-inflammatory, [12] and anti-allergic. [13] Thiazole derivatives also find application in various fields, including photonucleases, [14] polymers, [15] liquid crystals, [16] fluo-rescent dyes [17,18] or intermediates for dyes, [19] insecticides, [20,21] plant protectants, [22] antioxidants, [23] vulcanising accelerators (mercaptobenzothiazole), [24] and photosensitizers. [25] As a continuation of our interest in the synthesis of functionalized 2-aminothiazoles possessing antimicrobial activity, [26][27][28][29] herein we report the synthesis of novel variously functionalized thiazole derivatives and screening of their antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Thiazoles with Reactive Functional Groups

et al. 2019

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A series of substituted thiazoles bearing different functional groups, such as carboxyethylamino, carboxyl, chloromethyl, (phenylamino)methyl, ethoxyoxoethyl, methoxyoxoethylidene, ethoxycarbonyl, (methoxy or hydrazinyl)oxopropyl, carbohydrazinyl, formyl, and ((phenyl, carbamothioyl or isonicotinoyl)hydrazono)methyl, incorporated into their structure were synthesized. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium luteum bacteria strains, and Candida tenuis and Aspergillus niger fungi. Compounds exhibiting exclusive antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC 0.9, 1.9 μg/mL) and Candida tenuis (MIC 7.8 μg/mL) have been identified among the novel thiazole derivatives.

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Cellular aspects of folate and antifolate membrane transport.

Cited by 65 publications

References 75 publications

Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: An overview

Homocysteine metabolism, hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular disease: An overview

Regulation at multiple levels control the expression of folate transporters in liver cells in conditions of ethanol exposure and folate deficiency

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Thiazoles with Reactive Functional Groups

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