Cellular Differentiation in Skeletal Tissues

Hall, Brian K.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1970.tb01174.x

Cited by 135 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our observation that small areas of chondroid tissue occur along the underside of the normal F19 and N1 controls (unpublished data) and the discovery of a heterogenous population of calvarial osteoblasts, including a strictly chondrogenic population of cells in chick calvaria, albeit in culture (Tuan, personal communication), suggest possible involvement in normal cranial development. Perhaps in the earlier ex- periments of Markens (1975b1, in which transplants were held at 37°C in Ringer's solution, normal metabolism continued in the absence of calcium, mimicking conditions conducive to the onset of chondrogenesis (Hall, 1970;Jacenko and Tuan, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous obliteration of developing cranial sutures

Opperman

Sweeney

Redmon

et al. 1993

Developmental Dynamics

204

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cranial sutures play a critical role in calvarial morphogenesis, serving as growth centers during skull development. Both biomechanical tensile forces originating in the cranial base and biochemical factors present in dura mater have been postulated as determinants of suture morphogenesis and patency. A rat transplant model free of the putative biomechanical influence of the dura and cranial base was used to investigate the role of the dura mater in both the initial morphogenesis and maintenance of sutures during skull growth. Day 19 fetal presumptive (F19) and day 1 neonatal differentiated (Nl) coronal sutures, including associated frontal and parietal bones, were transplanted with or without underlying dura mater to the center of adult parietal bones. After 1,2, and 3 weeks, transplanted tissues were examined histologically and histomorphometrically to determine whether sutures formed and whether they were obliterated by ossification in the absence of dura mater. Both F19 and N1 sutures remained patent for 2 weeks either in the presence or the absence of transplant dura mater. However, at 3 weeks, in the absence of transplant dura mater, sutures were obliterated by bone, while in the presence of dura mater sutures resisted ossification, demonstrating an essential requirement for interactions with the transplant dura mater in maintaining functional sutures. Both F19 and N1 transplants showed comparable bone growth (cross-sectional surface area), regardless of the presence of transplant dura mater. These experiments suggest that tissue interactions of a biochemical nature, rather than biomechani-, cal forces generated through the cranial base, are required to maintain the suture as a non-ossified growth center. Furthermore, while the presence of dura mater was essential for maintenance of suture patency, fetal dura mater was not required for initial suture formation. 0 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous obliteration of developing cranial sutures

Opperman

Sweeney

Redmon

et al. 1993

Developmental Dynamics

204

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hall has reviewed a large literature on the development of skeletal tissues from a common stem cell or fibroblast (27). According to a widely accepted view osteogenic and chondrogenic cells have genetic potentials and metabolic constituents that differ quantitatively rather than qualitatively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of low oxygen concentration on growth, glycolysis, and sulfate incorporation by articular chondrocytes in monolayer culture

Marcus

Sokoloff

1973

Arthritis & Rheumatism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radiosulfate incorporation, DNA synthesis, and glycoiysis by rabbit articular chondrocytes and skin fibrocytes in monolayer culture were compared under different concentrations of oxygen (19,6.8, 1.3, and 0.6%). Cell for cell, chondrocytes under each condition had higher levels of radiosulfate incorporation and giycoiysis than did fibrocytes. Growth of the fibrocytes was reduced approximately 20% when the oxygen concentration was reduced to 6.8%. but that of chondrocytes was unaffected. A progressive Pasteur effect was observed with both cell types. Radiosulfate incorporation was reduced at low oxygen concentrations. The findings in this cell culture system are thus at variance with other published evidence that hypoxia is a major histogenetic force favoring chondrogenic expression.Articular cartilage, being an avascular tissue, must somehow adapt itself to its anaerobic environment in order to survive, grow, and produce extracellular matrix in vim. T w o of these adaptations, a high rate of anaerobic glycolysis and a low rate of oxygen consumption, were described originally by investigators studying cartilage slices (1, 2). A variety of evidence, furthermore, suggests that low oxygen tension independently or in conjunction with other factors might play an important role in the differentiation of cartilage by enhancing its production of extracellular matrix (acid mucopolysaccharides) (3-This study was undertaken to investigate (a) whether low oxygen tensions are a measurable 10). Submitted for publication Nov. 8, 1972; accepted May 30. 1973. force in the differentiation of articular chondrocytes grown in monolayer culture, and (b) whether the cultured chondrocytes retain the high rate of glycolysis characteristic of whole cartilage. METHODS AND MATERIALS Technique of CultureThe articular chondrocytes and cutaneous fibrocytes were isolated from 6-to 8-week-old New Zealand white rabbits by a method described elsewhere (1 1). The cells (100,000 to 300,000) were inoculated into 75 sq cm plastir Falcon flasks (Falcon Plastic Co., Los Angeles, Calif.) containing 12 ml of Ham's F12 medium (Grand Island Biological Co., Grand Island, N.Y.) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (Grand Island) and streptomycin-penicillin (LO &ml and 10 units/ml, respectively). The cells were fed three times a week and gassed with 90% air:lO% C02. When the cells became confluent (generally on the eighth day), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (Grand Island) was substituted for the F12 medium. On the 1 Ith day the cells were trypsinized, and 100,000 to 200,000 cells were inoculated into 6 0 x 15 mm glass petri dishes containing 4 ml of supplemented DMEM. The dishes were placed in anaerobic culture jars which were gassed and incubated at 37O. They were refed and gassed on Day 2. On Day 4 the medium was replaced by supplemented DMEM in which MgSO, was replaced by MgCI,, 165 mg/liter. On

show abstract

“…These bones are relatively mature; the fusing shafts are in close approximation, with no interosseous muscle tissue: these same inter osseous tissues show evidence of tensile stress, and most important of all, transient secondary cartilage is observed in the fusion site. Such cartilage has been shown repeatedly to be pro duced by motion between adjacent bones, strongly suggesting that functionally related musculature, kinetically active, is causally im plicated in the initiation of these fusions [Hall, 1970[Hall, , 1971[Hall, . 1972a.…”

Section: Limb Ontogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional analysis of fusion of the tibia and fibula in the rat and mouse

Moss¹

1977

Cells Tissues Organs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The distal diaphyseal shafts of the rat tibia and fibula fuse postnatally, a process initiated by the seventh day with the formation of secondary cartilage that is subsequently replaced by endochondral ossification. The histological appearance of this fusion process is described. A homologous process occurs postnatally in the mouse. An analysis of some of the pertinent recent developmental, comparative and paleontological data indicated that extrinsic, bio-mechanical factors probably played a significant causal role in tibia-fibula fusions. The production of secondary cartilage is evoked by extrinsic forces, and these fusions were analyzed within the present concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in skeletogenesis. It was concluded that the fusions currently reported fit well within the hypothesis of the functional matrix and that, such fusions between skeletal tissues are secondary, compensatory and mechanically obligatory responses to the prior demands of functionally related nonskeletal tissues and organs.

show abstract

Cellular Differentiation in Skeletal Tissues

Cited by 135 publications

References 87 publications

Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous obliteration of developing cranial sutures

Tissue interactions with underlying dura mater inhibit osseous obliteration of developing cranial sutures

The effect of low oxygen concentration on growth, glycolysis, and sulfate incorporation by articular chondrocytes in monolayer culture

A functional analysis of fusion of the tibia and fibula in the rat and mouse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About