1998
DOI: 10.1210/endo.139.9.6181
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Cellular Distribution and Gene Regulation of Estrogen Receptorsα and β in the Rat Pituitary Gland1

Abstract: The pituitary gland is a heterogeneous tissue comprised of several hormone secreting and supporting cells, most of which are targeted by estrogens. Estrogen-induced changes in the pituitary are presumably mediated via the classical estrogen receptor, ER alpha. However, a novel receptor, ER beta, and pituitary-specific truncated estrogen receptor products (TERPs) were recently identified. The objectives of this study were to examine the distribution of these receptors in the rat pituitary and compare their regu… Show more

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Cited by 179 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…These results concur with results published in earlier reports indicating that the negative feedback regulation of gonadotropins by E 2 could be mediated through ERa (Lindzey et al 1998). Interestingly, ERa is also the predominant ER in the gonadotrope cells in the pituitary (Mitchner et al 1998). E 2 is known to be a major regulator of prolactin gene expression and release (Dannies 1985), and E 2 treatment increases serum prolactin levels ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…These results concur with results published in earlier reports indicating that the negative feedback regulation of gonadotropins by E 2 could be mediated through ERa (Lindzey et al 1998). Interestingly, ERa is also the predominant ER in the gonadotrope cells in the pituitary (Mitchner et al 1998). E 2 is known to be a major regulator of prolactin gene expression and release (Dannies 1985), and E 2 treatment increases serum prolactin levels ).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…High TERP-1 mRNA levels are induced by estrogen in castrate male and female rats and during the estrous cycle under conditions where the full-length ER␣ is modulated only slightly (13,14). Recent reports and our unpublished observations demonstrate that TERP-1 is localized to pituitary cells that express ER␣, namely lactotropes and gonadotropes (12,17,18). This suggests that TERP-1 is dependent on ligand-bound ER for expression as well as biological activity.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 51%
“…In the pituitary, ER␣ is present primarily in lactotropes and gonadotropes (14)(15)(16). Recent evidence that TERP-1 is present in ER-containing lactotropes (12,17), and possibly gonadotropes (18), further supports a role in estrous cyclicity in the pituitary. This tissue-specific expression and regulation of TERP-1 distinguishes it from other ER splice variants or mutants.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…The direct assumption of the involvement of PRL cells in pituitary senescence may be premature for several reasons. Firstly, alpha and beta estrogen receptors are also present in folliculostellate (Mitchner et al 1998), somatotroph, thyrotroph, and gonadotroph cells (Nishihara et al 2000, Gonzalez et al 2008. Also, compelling reports by Nolan & Levy (2009) PRL cells might represent a phenotype less sensitive to growth inhibition programs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%