Cellular features of endometrial hyperplasia and well differentiated adenocarcinoma using the Endocyte sampler

Abstract

If a large amount of polymer radicals remain trapped after the irradiation of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), the radicals may result in a significant alteration of its physical properties during long‐term shelf storage and implantation. An electron spin resonance spectroscopic study was undertaken to investigate the remaining free radicals in UHMWPE after electron beam irradiation up to 500 kGy in air and an N2 environment. Heat treatment was employed at 110 and 145°C for various periods of time to decay the free radicals. The free radicals were rapidly decayed for 1 h and gradually decayed as a function of time with the heat treatment. The decay of the free radicals was completed more rapidly with a heat treatment at 145°C than at 110°C. Therefore, a longer heat treatment time is required to scavenge all the free radicals formed in UHMWPE at 110°C. The oxidation profiles showed that the oxidation index of the heat‐treated UHMWPE was lower than the oxidation index of the non‐heat‐treated UHMWPE. The heat treatment of irradiated UHMWPE can substantially reduce the concentration of free radicals; therefore, UHMWPE has resistance against long‐term oxidative degradation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 103–116, 2005

The Role of Liquid-Based Preparation in the Evaluation of Endometrial Cytology

“…In our current study, we found that EH with atypia (AEH) consists essentially of two cellular patterns: glands with a dilated or branched pattern and glands with an irregular protrusion [6,9]. However, no correlation between these cytologic and histologic categories appeared to exist, although we described a continuum of changes from atypical to carcinoma.…”

“…In a paper by Coscia-Porrazzi [27], benign complex hyperplasia was characterized by branching glandular structures comparable to those we have observed in the current study. From the cytologic point of view, we believe that the recognition of glands with a dilated or branched pattern is a useful feature in EH [6,7]. The basic cellular features of glandular epithelium (apart from the overall architecture) resemble those of PE glands in normal endometrium; the cytoplasm is commonly scant and the nuclei are isomorphic with finely granular chromatin and small or absent nucleoli.…”

“…Endometrial cytology is a great challenge to both cytopathologists and cytotechnologists. The possibility of obtaining high-quality endometrial samples could be of great help in unifying the diagnostic terminology and in permitting a better dialogue among cytotechnologists, cytopathologists and clinicians; these features constitute the premises for the routine introduction of the test in the gynecologic practice [5,6,7]. In the past the adoption of endometrial cytology as a diagnostic procedure has been hampered by the difficulties that arose in interpreting the cellular findings due to several factors intrinsic to conventional slides, such as the presence of excess blood and of dense, overlapping cell groups in many samples, disturbing the interpretation and the cytologic diagnosis.…”

Endometrial Aspiration Cytology by Karman's Cannula with Histopathological Correlation

“…Studies have revealed that, at times even when curettage findings have been normal, endometrial aspiration cytology has been found to be useful for diagnosing endometrial pathology. [8] Outpatient sampling of the Endometrium could complement conventional curettage and assist in patient management.…”

“…In Endometrial hyperplasia, cell aggregates with a dilated or branched pattern were found in 34.9% of cases. [8] The cytological differentiation between atypical hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma was another difficulty that we faced. This issue was discussed in two sessions at the XV International Congress of Cytology, (Santiago de Chile, 2004), 'The Jiménez-Ayala Classification' was proposed by Jiménez-Ayala M which divided endometrial proliferative lesions as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial neoplasia.…”