Cellular functions of the ADF/cofilin family at a glance

Kanellos, Georgios; Frame, Margaret C.

doi:10.1242/jcs.187849

Cited by 210 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Since differentiation and proliferation are antagonistic in muscle cells, this suggests that oxidation of nuclear actin by MICAL-2 may impair proliferation in these conditions. To complicate matters further, F-actin promotes nuclear entry of pro-proliferative transcriptional co-activators (e.g.YAP and TAZ), as well [359]. …”

Section: Redox Regulation Of the Actin Cytoskeleton In Cell Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cofilin binds to F-actin and severs it to shift the balance towards G-actin [359], while formins (such as mDia) speed the assembly of F-actin [134]. Cofilin and myosin II activities are regulated by kinases, which in turn are regulated by Rho family GTPases, which are activated by specific GEFs and turned “off” by GAPs at discrete locations during mitosis and cytokinesis.…”

Section: Redox Regulation Of the Actin Cytoskeleton In Cell Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its role in the vascular system

Huff

Fujii

et al. 2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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The actin cytoskeleton is critical for form and function of vascular cells, serving mechanical, organizational and signaling roles. Because many cytoskeletal proteins are sensitive to reactive oxygen species, redox regulation has emerged as a pivotal modulator of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins. Here, we summarize work implicating oxidants in altering actin cytoskeletal proteins and focus on how these alterations affect cell migration, proliferation and contraction of vascular cells. Finally, we discuss the role of oxidative modification of the actin cytoskeleton in vivo and highlight its importance for vascular diseases.

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Section: Redox Regulation Of the Actin Cytoskeleton In Cell Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Redox Regulation Of the Actin Cytoskeleton In Cell Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its role in the vascular system

Huff

Fujii

et al. 2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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“…It is also required for the maintainace of cell morphology and for the cell motility [69]. Concurrently, it is involved in the regulation of apoposis.…”

Section: Cofilin Cof1 (Cfl1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Proteomic Screening of 100 Breast Cancer Tissues

Pucci‐Minafra¹,

Cara²,

Musso³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The present investigation has been conducted on one hundred tissue fragments of breast cancer, collected and immediately cryopreserved following the surgical resection. The fragments were selected from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, the most common and potentially aggressive type of mammary cancer, with the objective to increase the knowledge of breast cancer molecular markers, useful for diagnostic and prognostic categorization of patients, in assessing postsurgical therapeutic regimes. The proteomic screening, by 2D-IPG and mass spectrometry, allowed us to identify two main classes of protein clusters: proteins expressed ubiquitously at high levels in all patients, and proteins expressed sporadically among the same patients. Within the group of ubiquitous proteins, glycolytic enzymes and proteins with anti-apoptotic activity were predominant. Among the sporadic ones, proteins involved in cell motility, molecular chaperones and proteins involved in the detoxification appeared prevalent. The data of the present study indicates that the primary tumor growth is generally supported by two concurrent pathways: the inhibition of apoptosis and the stimulation of cellular proliferation. The second phase of the evolution of the tumor can be prematurely scheduled by the occasional presence of proteins involved in cell motility and in the defenses of the oxidative stress. To our knowledge this report on large-scales proteomics of breast cancer is currently a unique approach in the literature that offers the opportunity to evaluate the presence and recurrence of proteins to be used as prognostic indicators and susceptibility to metastasis in patients operated on for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

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“…Members of the cofilin/ADF family of actin regulatory proteins (1,2) bind actin filaments cooperatively (3)(4)(5) and promote severing preferentially at and near junctions between bare and cofilin-decorated (cofilactin) segments (3,(5)(6)(7)(8), hereafter referred to as boundaries. Cofilin alters the average actin filament twist (9) and subunit tilt (10,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The actin filament twist changes abruptly at boundaries between bare and cofilin-decorated segments

Huehn

Cao

Elam

et al. 2018

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Cofilin/ADF proteins are actin-remodeling proteins, essential for actin disassembly in various cellular processes, including cell division, intracellular transport, and motility. Cofilins bind actin filaments cooperatively and sever them preferentially at boundaries between bare and cofilin-decorated (cofilactin) segments. The cooperative binding to actin has been proposed to originate from conformational changes that propagate allosterically from clusters of bound cofilin to bare actin segments. Estimates of the lengths over which these cooperative conformational changes propagate vary dramatically, ranging from 2 to >100 subunits. Here, we present a general, structure-based method for detecting from cryo-EM micrographs small variations in filament geometry (i.e. twist) with single subunit precision. How these variations correlate with regulatory protein occupancy reveals how far allosteric, conformational changes propagate along filaments. We used this method to determine the effects of cofilin on the actin filament twist. Our results indicate that cofilin-induced changes in filament twist propagate only 1-2 subunits from the boundary into the bare actin segment, independently of the boundary polarity (i.e. irrespective of whether or not the bare actin segment flanks the pointed or barbed end side of the boundary) and the pyrene fluorophore labeling of actin. These observations indicate that the filament twist changes abruptly at boundaries between bare and cofilin-decorated segments, thereby constraining mechanistic models of cooperative actin filament interactions and severing by cofilin. The methods presented here extend the capability of cryo-EM to analyze biologically relevant deviations from helical symmetry in actin as well as other classes of linear polymers.

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Cellular functions of the ADF/cofilin family at a glance

Cited by 210 publications

References 108 publications

Redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its role in the vascular system

Redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and its role in the vascular system

Retrospective Proteomic Screening of 100 Breast Cancer Tissues

The actin filament twist changes abruptly at boundaries between bare and cofilin-decorated segments

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