Cellular Immune Response after Vaccination with an Adjuvanted, Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Koldehoff, Michael; Horn, Peter A.; Lindemann, Monika

doi:10.3390/vaccines10050809

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Cellular immunity helps destroy virally-infected cells and control the viral load in the body, while humoral immunity is responsible for clearing viral particles released by infected cells or through cellular immunity [34,35]. With the continued emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 strains, it is urgently necessary to develop a universal vaccine that can induce both strong cellular and humoral immunity [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Fc-Conjugated Receptor Binding Domain-Based Recombinant Subunit Vaccines with Short Linker Induce Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Chen

Liang

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing since December 2019, with more than 6.3 million deaths reported globally as of August 2022. Despite the success of several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the rise in variants, some of which are resistant to the effects of vaccination, highlights the need for a so-called pan-coronavirus (universal) vaccine. Here, we performed an immunogenicity comparison of prototype vaccines containing spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) residues 319–541, or spike protein regions S1, S2 and S fused to a histidine-tagged or human IgG1 Fc (hFC) fragment with either a longer (six residues) or shorter (three residues) linker. While all recombinant protein vaccines developed were effective in eliciting humoral immunity, the RBD-hFc vaccine was able to generate a potent neutralizing antibody response as well as a cellular immune response. We then compared the effects of recombinant protein length and linker size on immunogenicity in vivo. We found that a longer recombinant RBD protein (residues 319–583; RBD-Plus-hFc) containing a small alanine linker (AAA) was able to trigger long-lasting, high-titer neutralizing antibodies in mice. Finally, we evaluated cross-neutralization of wild-type and mutant RBD-Plus-hFc vaccines against wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants. Significantly, at the same antigen dose, wild-type RBD-Plus-hFc immune sera induced broadly neutralizing antibodies against wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants. Taken together, our findings provide valuable information for the continued development of recombinant protein-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and a basic foundation for booster vaccinations to avoid reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Fc-Conjugated Receptor Binding Domain-Based Recombinant Subunit Vaccines with Short Linker Induce Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Chen

Liang

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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“…Therefore, we plan to control confounding due to age statistically in our analyses and perform regression analyses as sensitivity analyses for the primary and secondary research aim by adjusting for age. Gender will be included as a second covariate 23…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In immunocompetent individuals, the RZV has been shown to elicit robust IgG and CD4 + T cell responses associated with strong and long-lasting immune protection 17 18. Immunogenicity of RZVs was also documented in several groups of immunocompromised patients including adults with an HIV infection,19 after renal transplantation20 21 or adult patients after autologous stem cell transplantation 22 23. Immunogenicity and potential correlates of RZV vaccine-induced immune protection are not known in patients with an increased risk of shingles due to an impaired immune function of the liver or post-LTx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tiza–Titre increase and enhanced immunity through an adjuvanted, recombinant herpes zoster subunit vaccine in patients with liver cirrhosis and post-liver transplantation: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study

Vollmer-Raschdorf,

Rashidi-Alavijeh,

Voigt

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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IntroductionShingrix, an effective adjuvanted, recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV), has been available since 2018. Immunocompromised patients are known to be predisposed to vaccine failure. In-vitro testing of immunological surrogates of vaccine protection could be instrumental for monitoring vaccination success. So far, no test procedure is available for vaccine responses to RZV that could be used on a routine basis.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, three-arm, parallel, longitudinal cohort study aspiring to recruit a total of 308 patients (103 with a liver cirrhosis Child A/B, 103 after liver transplantation (both ≥50 years), 102 immunocompetent patients (60–70 years)). Blood samples will be taken at seven data collection points to determine varicella zoster virus (VZV) and glycoprotein E (gE)-specific IgG and T cell responses. The primary study outcome is to measure and compare responses after vaccination with RZV depending on the type and degree of immunosuppression using gE-specific antibody detection assays. As a secondary outcome, first, the gE-specific CD4+T cell response of the three cohorts will be compared and, second, the gE-VZV antibody levels will be compared with the severity of possible vaccination reactions. The tertiary outcome is a potential association between VZV immune responses and clinical protection against shingles.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was issued on 07/11/2022 by the Ethics Committee Essen, Germany (number 22-10805-BO). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed open-access journals and presented at local, national and international conferences.Trial registration numberGerman Clinical Trials Registry (number DRKS00030683).

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“…For allogeneic seropositive HCT recipients, only observational data exists for the assessment of adjuvanted vaccines including the aRZV vaccine 63,64 . In these studies, patients have been vaccinated between 9 months to greater than 2 years post‐allogeneic HCT 63–65 . There have been mixed results in regard to immunogenicity but no increase in GvHD 63–65 .…”

Section: Vaccination In Hct Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 63 , 64 In these studies, patients have been vaccinated between 9 months to greater than 2 years post‐allogeneic HCT. 63 , 64 , 65 There have been mixed results in regard to immunogenicity but no increase in GvHD. 63 , 64 , 65 In one study, cell‐mediated immunity was significantly enhanced in patients with prior shingles compared to those without prior shingles and male sex.…”

Section: Vaccination In Hct Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine schedule recommendations and updates for patients with hematologic malignancy post‐hematopoietic cell transplant or CAR T‐cell therapy

Reynolds,

Hall,

Teh

2023

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Revaccination after receipt of a hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) or cellular therapies is a pillar of patient supportive care, with the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to vaccine‐preventable infections. This review synthesizes national, international, and expert consensus vaccination schedules post‐HCT and presents evidence regarding the efficacy of newer vaccine formulations for pneumococcus, recombinant zoster vaccine, and coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with hematological malignancy. Revaccination post‐cellular therapies are less well defined. This review highlights important considerations around poor vaccine response, seroprevalence preservation after cellular therapies, and the optimal timing of revaccination. Future research should assess the immunogenicity and real‐world effectiveness of new vaccine formulations and/or vaccine schedules in patients post‐HCT and cellular therapy, including analysis of vaccine response that relates to the target of cellular therapies.

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Cellular Immune Response after Vaccination with an Adjuvanted, Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Human Fc-Conjugated Receptor Binding Domain-Based Recombinant Subunit Vaccines with Short Linker Induce Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Human Fc-Conjugated Receptor Binding Domain-Based Recombinant Subunit Vaccines with Short Linker Induce Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Tiza–Titre increase and enhanced immunity through an adjuvanted, recombinant herpes zoster subunit vaccine in patients with liver cirrhosis and post-liver transplantation: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study

Vaccine schedule recommendations and updates for patients with hematologic malignancy post‐hematopoietic cell transplant or CAR T‐cell therapy

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