Cellular Immune Response and TH1/TH2 Cytokines in Human Neurocysticercosis: Lack of Immune Suppression

Medina-Escutia, Edith; Morales-Lopez, Zoila; Proano, Jefferson V.; Vázquez, José Antonio; Bermudez, V. M.; Ortı́z-Navarrete, Vianney; Madrid‐Marina, Vicente; Laclette, Juan Pedro; Correa, Dolores

doi:10.2307/3285097

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…to date, the knowledge of the immune profile in nC patients had been focused on the th1/th2 paradigm [10,27,28]. In the present work, a third type of t-helper lymphocytes, the Il17-producing CD4+ t cell subset, seems to be involved in the response to aHD treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Neurocysticercosis: the effectiveness of the cysticidal treatment could be influenced by the host immunity

Cárdenas

Fragoso

Rosetti

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Neurocysticercosis, a clinically and radiologically pleomorphic parasitic disease, is still endemic to most non-developed countries of Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Anti-helminthic drugs (AHD) are generally effective and rapidly destroy parenchymal cysticerci. In contrast, several cycles of AHD are frequently necessary to damage extraparenchymally located parasites. The present study was designed to evaluate whether differences in the immunological profile of the patients is involved in the diversity of the response to AHD. To this end, a global gene expression microarray and a cytokine analysis were made. Responder patients were those showing a radiological reduction greater than 50 % in the parasite burden following AHD treatment. Microarray pre- and post-treatment comparisons showed that a total of eighteen immune-related genes were up-regulated in the five responder patients with respect the expression profile seen in the four non-responder subjects. The function of up-regulated genes exerted pro-inflammatory (RORγC, Sema4A, SLAMF3, SLAMF6), anti-inflammatory (TGFβ, TNFRSF25, TNFRS18, SLAMF1, ILF2), or immunomodulatory effects (CXCL2, RUNX3, SLAMF9, TGFBR3). To further explore the causes of the heterogeneity in the response to treatment, a wide ELISA cytokine analysis was performed in serum, PBMC supernatants, and CSF samples from 39 responder and 26 non-responder patients. Responder patients showed higher CSF IL-17A levels (P = 0.04) and higher supernatant IL-6 levels (P = 0.03) 60 days after treatment. These results suggest a possible influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the response to AHD as observed by radiological methods, and thus the possible participation of the host immunity in the effectiveness of AHD treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Neurocysticercosis: the effectiveness of the cysticidal treatment could be influenced by the host immunity

Cárdenas

Fragoso

Rosetti

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…In the periphery, silent calciWed NC showed increased levels of the TH2 cytokines IL4, IL5, and IL13 in the supernatants (SN) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) speciWcally stimulated with cysticercal antigens [12,21]. In contrast, in severe NC patients with vesicular parasites, increased production of a wider repertoire of TH1/TH2 cytokines (IL4, IL12, TNF , IFN , IL2, and IL18) has been observed [11,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Considering the relevance of neuroinXammation in NC pathogenesis, increased eVorts have been performed to characterize the immune-inXammatory response in NC and its role in dealing with the parasite [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. All studies have been performed studying the CSF (local) or blood (peripheral) of NC patients independently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis: local and systemic immune-inflammatory features related to severity

Sáenz¹,

Fleury²,

Chavarría³

et al. 2011

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Neurocysticercosis (NC) is caused by the establishment of Taenia solium cysticerci in the central nervous system. Previous studies have established that neuroinflammation plays a key role in the severity of the disease. However, the relationship between peripheral and local immune response remains inconclusive. This work studies the peripheral and local immune-inflammatory features and their relationships, toward the identification of potential peripheral immunologic features related to severity. A panel of cytokines was measured in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in the supernatant of antigen-specific stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells samples (SN) in a total of 31 untreated inflammatory and non-inflammatory NC patients. Increased clinical and radiologic severity was associated with an increased cerebrospinal fluid cell count. A peripheral proliferative depression that negatively correlates with CSF cellularity and TNFα and that positively correlates with SN IL5 was observed in severe NC patients. These results provide evidences to support the systemic proliferative response as a biomarker to monitor the level of neuroinflammation, of possible value in the patients' follow-up during treatment.

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“…Table 2 ( 120–135) shows the immunologic actors associated with the different clinical or radiological phenotypes of NC. From necropsies come the harder data on the immunological actors involved in the inflammatory process in NC.…”

Section: The Immune Response In Human Neurocysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune response in Taenia solium cysticercosis: protection and injury

Sciutto

Chavarría

Fragoso

et al. 2007

Parasite Immunology

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Cellular Immune Response and TH1/TH2 Cytokines in Human Neurocysticercosis: Lack of Immune Suppression

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Neurocysticercosis: the effectiveness of the cysticidal treatment could be influenced by the host immunity

Neurocysticercosis: the effectiveness of the cysticidal treatment could be influenced by the host immunity

Neurocysticercosis: local and systemic immune-inflammatory features related to severity

The immune response in Taenia solium cysticercosis: protection and injury

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