Cellular immune response cytokine expression during the initial stage of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection determines the disease progression to persistent lymphocytosis

Cytokine profiles of dendritic cells (DCs) during infection with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV)

“…Whether in this case the observed differences are due to less efficient and delayed expression of IL-12(p70) in DCs, or are actually related to BLV infection, needs further confirmation. Additionally, in blood MoDCs cultures from naturally infected, aleukemic cattle, the results seem to be consistent with those obtained from PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) cultures of aleukemic animals, where increased expression of IL-12(p40) was also noted (Pyeon and Splitter 1998, Yakobson et al 2000, Muller et al 2003.…”

“…Similar results were also observed in macrophages of PL cattle (Pyeon et al 1996). Additionally, Yakobson et al (1998Yakobson et al ( , 2000 confirmed that, in contrast to other cytokines, an elevated level of IL-10 is a distinctive feature of the late stage of BLV infection; furthermore, a systematic increase in its concentration can indicate disease progression. Elevated concentration of IL-10 and its dependence on infection stage was also confirmed in the serum of experimentally infected sheep (Szczotka 2007).…”

“…This occurrence may suggest a more advanced state of BLV infection in these cell populations (Pyeon and Splitter 1998, Yakobson et al 2000, Kabeya et al 2001, Konnai et al 2003, Muller et al 2003. While it was established that aleukemic PBMCs express significantly more IL-12, analogous cultures from leukemic animals produce much less of this cytokine, in comparison to BLV-negative controls (Pyeon and Splitter 1998, Yakobson et al 2000, Muller et al 2003.…”

Cell dynamics and immune response to BLV infection: a unifying model

“…Importantly, viral infection correlates with overexpression of two key Th-1 cytokines: TNF-alpha (47-49) and interferon-gamma (50). Finally, the interleukin network is profoundly deregulated at different stages of the disease in particular IL-2, -4, -6, -10 and -12 (47,(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)) but the precise role of these cytokines during pathogenesis still remains unclear.…”

Leucose enzoótica bovina e vírus da leucemia bovina

“…Por outro lado, os animais soropositivos e assintomáticos expressaram altos níveis de RNAm para o INFγ durante todas as semanas do experimento (1-24 semanas). Estes resultados sugerem que animais que possuem uma expressão precoce e prolongada de INFγ podem retardar ou inibir o aparecimento da linfocitose (YAKOBSON et al, 2000).…”