Cellular immunity in the era of modern multiple myeloma therapy

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relapsing clonal plasma cell malignancy and incurable thus far. With the increasing understanding of myeloma, highlighting the critical importance of the immune system in the pathogenesis of MM is essential. The immune changes in MM patients after treatment are associated with prognosis. In this review, we summarize currently available MM therapies and discuss how they affect cellular immunity. We find that the modern anti‐MM treatments enhance antitumour immune responses. A deeper understanding of the therapeutic activity of individual drugs offers more effective treatment approaches that enhance the beneficial immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, we show that the immune changes after treatment in MM patients can provide useful prognostic marker. Analysing cellular immune responses offers new perspectives for evaluating clinical data and making comprehensive predictions for applying novel therapies in MM patients.

Herb pair of Huangqi‐Danggui exerts anti‐tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1

“…The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for triple‐negative breast cancer has shown mixed results, with only a minority of patients achieving a durable response 3 . Over recent years, immunotherapy has become increasingly important in the treatment of tumors, as it activates the immune cells' ability to eliminate cancer cells 4,5 . Despite the improved therapeutic outcomes associated with tumor immunotherapy, many malignant tumors still manage to evade the immune system's surveillance through various mechanisms 6,7 .…”

“… 3 Over recent years, immunotherapy has become increasingly important in the treatment of tumors, as it activates the immune cells' ability to eliminate cancer cells. 4 , 5 Despite the improved therapeutic outcomes associated with tumor immunotherapy, many malignant tumors still manage to evade the immune system's surveillance through various mechanisms. 6 , 7 Given that immunotherapy alone is not sufficient to eradicate tumors or to ensure long‐term antitumor effects, there is a growing trend towards combining it with other tumor treatment methods that can stimulate an immune response.…”

ACT001 inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells and improves immune function in multiple myeloma.

“…However, combination therapies that encourage immune attacks against myeloma cells and expedite immune reconstitution have proven to be highly advantageous. [4,5].…”