Cellular Injury Biomechanics of Central Nervous System Trauma

Schmitt, Kai‐Uwe; Niederer, Peter F.; Cronin, Duane S.; Morrison, Barclay; Muser, Markus H.; Walz, Felix

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11659-0_3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…This influx of sodium ions can open other channels such as calcium channels and increase intracellular calcium. This could result in ionic imbalances in the injury site (38,39). Also, another study showed that treatment with phenytoin after ischemia in rabbits afforded a significant protection of neurons in the hippocampus (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Phenytoin Have Neuroprotective Role and Affect Biocompatibility of Decellularized Sciatic Nerve Scaffold?

et al. 2020

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Background: Peripheral nervous system injuries are common and currently have no definitive treatment method. Phenytoin is one of the main antiepileptic drugs. Some studies have described a cerebroprotective effect of phenytoin in an established model of global cerebral ischemia. Objectives: In this study, the neuroprotective effects of phenytoin were evaluated on the cultivation and maintenance of Wharton’s jelly stem cells (WJSCs) on acellularized sciatic nerve scaffolds. Methods: In this study, acellular scaffolds from the rat sciatic nerve were prepared by the sondell method. After extraction of cells of MSCs, flow cytometry analysis was executed. Also, cell differentiation potential was evaluated by placement in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media for 21 days. Biocompatibility of the scaffold and cell viability were investigated using the MTT assay. The morphological and cell adhesion characteristics of MSCs on acellular scaffolds were compared using SEM micrographs images. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test by SPSS (version 19.0) software. Results: The removal of cells from the scaffold was confirmed by stanning with hematoxylin-eosin, van Gieson's picro-fuchsin, and DAPI. With the aid of flow cytometry analysis and differentiation into bone and fat cells, it was confirmed that extracted cells were mesenchymal stem cells. The results of the MTT assay showed that phenytoin increased cell viability and retention on the scaffold. Conclusions: The study indicated that phenytoin improves the viability of cells and provided a good condition for the growth, survival, and attachment of cells to the scaffold when compared to the control group. These results suggest that phenytoin can be considered a new treatment for nerve regeneration and tissue engineering applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Phenytoin Have Neuroprotective Role and Affect Biocompatibility of Decellularized Sciatic Nerve Scaffold?

et al. 2020

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“…In the early stages of automotive collision safety research, vehicle collision tests, including whole vehicle collision tests, sled tests, and component tests, were the primary methods employed [1], [2], [3]. In 1989, Tsinghua University in China established the first simplified whole vehicle collision test laboratory and conducted a series of collision test studies, achieving favorable results [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Correction Method Based on the Simulation and Experiment of Side Sled Collision

Pang,

Wong,

Han

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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In the context of conducting a side-impact collision test without side airbag for a specific vehicle model, an analysis of the injury value curve of the crash test dummy, when bench-marked against results from whole-vehicle testing, sled test and sled simulation, reveals two issues with the sled results: a delay in contact time and an excessively high peak value. This paper aims to analyze the problems arising from the simplification of the whole-vehicle model to the side-impact sled model. For the first time, these issues are addressed by correcting the sensor waveforms of the whole-vehicle test vehicle. Subsequently, by adjusting the input curves of the sled simulation model based on benchmarking the injury values of the sideimpact sled dummy, a more accurate simulation of the dummy injury value curve is achieved compared to the experimental results. This approach represents an improvement in the substructure method for sled simulation, and its practicality and convenience have been validated through its application in a specific development vehicle project. The total score of the dummy injury in the experiment is 15.66, and the simulation is 15.76, the results are very close. The contact timing and peak value of chest, abdomen, and pelvis injury in the simulation are basically consistent with the experimental results. It offers a novel method for benchmarking dummy injuries, sled simulation, and sled testing in the context of side-impact collision condition, providing a new avenue for research and development in the automotive industry. INDEX TERMS Vehicle side impact test; side sled test; side sled simulation; sensor waveform; dummy injury curve;

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Cellular Injury Biomechanics of Central Nervous System Trauma

Cited by 2 publications

References 116 publications

Does Phenytoin Have Neuroprotective Role and Affect Biocompatibility of Decellularized Sciatic Nerve Scaffold?

Does Phenytoin Have Neuroprotective Role and Affect Biocompatibility of Decellularized Sciatic Nerve Scaffold?

A Correction Method Based on the Simulation and Experiment of Side Sled Collision

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