Cellular Technologies Evolution in the Treatment of Reparative Regeneration Disorders of Bone Tissue in Long Tubular Bones

Abstract

Autografts, allo-and xenografts are current treatment standards of reparative regeneration disorders of bone tissue in long tubular bones, but these approaches still show some disadvantages, such as limited availability of bone tissue for transplantation or immune reactions. Modern plastic materials have been studied in both in vitro and in vivo studies, showing promising results in terms of biocompatibility and biomechanical properties. In addition, bone repair implants have shown promising results in combination with drugs, growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells, which can interact to facilitate the deposition and mineralization of bone tissue. Among the various approaches to drug delivery, techniques with embedded nano -and micro particles containing drugs or biologically active substances occupy a special place. These innovative drug delivery systems have a number of advantages that differentiate them from other systems. In addition, the use of nano -and microparticles makes it possible to increase the efficiency and controlled release of the drug from the skin over time at appropriate therapeutic concentrations. These controlled delivery systems can effectively stimulate osteogenesis and accelerate bone regeneration without significant side effects. However, despite the promising results of preclinical studies, the implementation of the developed drug delivery systems requires additional clinical trials.