Cellulase Assays

Adney, William S.; Ehrman, Christine I.; Baker, John O.; Thomas, Steven R.; Himmel, Michael E.

doi:10.1021/bk-1994-0566.ch010

Cited by 76 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…27 For the inhibition studies, the inhibitor stock of T1, T2, and T3 prehydrolyzates were mixed with the buffer such that their concentrations were 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 g L –1 . The filter paper, buffer, and inhibitor mixture were equilibrated at 50 °C for 5 min in a reciprocating water bath agitated at 100 rpm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Rice Straw Prehydrolyzates and Their Effect on the Hydrolysis of Model Substrates Using a Commercial endo-Cellulase, β-Glucosidase and Cellulase Cocktail

Rajan

Carrier

2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification are two major upstream processes that affect the economic feasibility and sustainability of lignocellulosic biofuel production. Cellulase-inhibiting degradation products, generated during dilute acid pretreatment, increase enzyme usage, and therefore, it is essential to mitigate their production. In an attempt to elucidate the most deleterious degradation product to enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrolyzates were generated from rice straw, and their effect on enzyme activity was determined. Ground rice straw was subjected to the following pretreatments having a combined severity factor of 1.75: T1–160 °C, pH 1.7; T2–180 °C, pH 2.25; and T3–220 °C, pH 7.0. The liquid prehydrolyzates were freeze-dried, and their inhibitory effects on the activities of a commercial cellulase cocktail, endo-cellulase, and β-glucosidase were determined using filter paper, carboxymethyl cellulose, and cellobiose, respectively. Addition of 15 g L–1 of T1, T2, or T3 freeze-dried prehydrolyzates resulted in 67%, 57%, and 77% reduction in CMC-ase activity of endo-cellulase, respectively. In the presence of 35 g L–1 of T1, T2, or T3 prehydrolyzates, the filter paper activity of the cellulase cocktail was reduced by 64%, 68%, and 82%, respectively. Characterization of the freeze-dried prehydrolyzates showed that T3 had significantly higher xylo-oligosaccharides and total phenolic content than T2 and T1.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Rice Straw Prehydrolyzates and Their Effect on the Hydrolysis of Model Substrates Using a Commercial endo-Cellulase, β-Glucosidase and Cellulase Cocktail

Rajan

Carrier

2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Before carrying out the enzymatic hydrolysis of raw Arundo donax L. and the CRR, the enzymatic activity of commercial preparation Cellic ® CTec2 was quantified through the standard NREL protocol [93]. 0.5 mL of a diluted sample containing enzymes was incubated with 50 mg of Whatman No.1 filter paper strip (Whatman, Maidstone, UK) and 1.0 mL of sodium citrate buffer at 50 • C for 1 h. The enzymatic reaction was terminated by adding 3.0 mL of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic (DNS) agent at 95 • C for 5 min.…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Arundo Donax Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Step Exploitation of Raw Arundo donax L. for the Selective Synthesis of Second-Generation Sugars by Chemical and Biological Route

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most important feedstocks for future biorefineries, being a precursor of valuable bio-products, obtainable through both chemical and biological conversion routes. Lignocellulosic biomass has a complex matrix, which requires the careful development of multi-step approaches for its complete exploitation to value-added compounds. Based on this perspective, the present work focuses on the valorization of hemicellulose and cellulose fractionsof giant reed (Arundo donax L.) to give second-generation sugars, minimizing the formation of reaction by-products. The conversion of hemicellulose to xylose was undertaken in the presence of the heterogeneous acid catalyst Amberlyst-70 under microwave irradiation. The effect of the main reaction parameters, such as temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and biomass loadings on sugars yield was studied, developing a high gravity approach. Under the optimised reaction conditions (17 wt% Arundo donax L. loading, 160 °C, Amberlyst-70/Arundo donax L. weight ratio 0.2 wt/wt), the xylose yield was 96.3 mol%. In the second step, the cellulose-rich solid residue was exploited through the chemical or enzymatic route, obtaining glucose yields of 32.5 and 56.2 mol%, respectively. This work proves the efficiency of this innovative combination of chemical and biological catalytic approaches, for the selective conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose fractions of Arundo donax L. to versatile platform products.

show abstract

“…Activities of both the glycosidases were expressed as micromoles of reducing sugars released from the polysaccharide substrates in 1 min (U). The filter paper activity was determined at pH 5.0 and 50°C according to Adney and Baker (2008) and expressed as FPU/mL. Total reducing sugars and glucose concentrations in NS-22086 were assayed as described below.…”

Section: Enzyme Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of various types of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars using kraft pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this work was to assess the utility of seven different kraft pulps produced from softwood (pine), hardwood (poplar, birch and beech), wheat straw and hemp (bast and harl) as potential sources of sugar feedstocks for fermentation processes. The pulps contained low amounts of hemicelluloses (1.9-8.2% d.w.) and lignin (1.7-15% d.w.). The crystallinity index values ranged from 55% (wheat straw pulp) to 79% (hemp bast pulp), while the average DP varied from around 230 (hemp bast pulp) to 1482 (poplar and birch pulps). The results of enzymatic hydrolysis showed that not only the residual lignin content but also the cellulose crystallinity index decided on the sugar yields while the average polymerization degree had a weak impact. More reducing sugars were obtained from the hardwood pulps and wheat straw pulp (100% d.w.) than from the pine pulp (around 89% d.w.) and two hemp pulps (40.5% d.w. and 44.7% d.w. from the bast and harl pulps, respectively). Glucose was the dominating (69-79% w/w) soluble sugar in enzymatic hydrolysates of the pulps. The sugar profiles of these hydrolysates make them suitable sugar feedstocks for fermentation processes.

show abstract

Cellulase Assays

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Rice Straw Prehydrolyzates and Their Effect on the Hydrolysis of Model Substrates Using a Commercial endo-Cellulase, β-Glucosidase and Cellulase Cocktail

Characterization of Rice Straw Prehydrolyzates and Their Effect on the Hydrolysis of Model Substrates Using a Commercial endo-Cellulase, β-Glucosidase and Cellulase Cocktail

Multi-Step Exploitation of Raw Arundo donax L. for the Selective Synthesis of Second-Generation Sugars by Chemical and Biological Route

Conversion of various types of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars using kraft pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About