Cellulase Enzyme Production from Filamentous Fungi Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus awamori in Submerged Fermentation with Rice Straw

Naher, Laila; Fatin, Siti Noor; Sheikh, Abdul Halim; Lateef, Adebola Azeez; Siddiquee, Shaiquzzaman; Zain, Norhafizah Md; Karim, SM Rezaul

doi:10.3390/jof7100868

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Cellulases are the enzymes that hydrolyze β -1, 4 linkages in cellulose chains, which are produced by fungi, bacteria, protozoans, plants, and animals (Suhag, 2022 ). Most of the cellulases exploited for industrial applications are from filamentous fungi such as Trichoderma, Penicillium, Fusarium, Humicola, Phanerochaete (Naher et al, 2021 ). Most reports of microbial production of cellulase utilize the submerged fermentation technology.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formulation improvement of a concentrated enzyme detergent for high-speed rail trains through life cycle assessment methodology

Yang

Gong

et al. 2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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High-speed rail has been operating in more than 25 countries (mainly in Asia, Europe and North America), and has become an important part of global economic development. However, the cleaning and maintenance of high-speed rail is a comprehensive task, which may easily cause environmental pollution. This study aims to analyze and improve the sustainability of the formulation and production process of a concentrated complex enzyme detergent used as the maintenance agent for high-speed trains via the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The eFootprint software system with built-in China, European and Swiss Ecoinvent databases was used to establish the LCA model with the system boundary being from cradle to gate. The LCA model showed that the production of 1 kg of concentrated detergent generates the global warming potential of 2.53 kg CO 2 eq, and other environmental emissions including acidification potential of 0.01 kg SO 2 eq, eutrophication potential of 3.76E-03 kg PO 4 3− eq, inhalable inorganic matter of 3.17E-03 kg PM2.5 eq, ozone depletion potential of 5.3E-06 kg CFC-11 eq, photochemical ozone formation potential of 3.44E-03 kg NMVOC eq, primary energy demand of 3.17 MJ, abiotic depletion potential of 4.97E-6 kg antimony eq, and water use of 0.84 kg. LCA results are not strongly dependent to the assumptions of the research, and the uncertainties of LCA results are between 8 and 16%, which is mainly due to the regional differences in technology sources, the year of technical data collection, and the representativeness of technology collection companies. Carbon footprint analysis showed that the production processes of enzyme stabilizer (glycerol) and surfactants contributed the most, while changes in power consumption during production and transportation distance of raw materials had limited effect on total carbon emissions. Therefore, the formulation of the concentrated complex enzymatic detergent was improved based on the LCA results. The new formulations with less enzyme stabilizer showed similar detergency to the original formulation. The new formulations could reduce carbon emissions by 5,500–9,200 tons per year and save between $4.4 and $7.4 million in annual production of 10,000 tons. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10668-023-03122-2.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process boundary is from cradle to gate. The main data sources are the CLCD database, Ecoinvent database and the literature (Munkajohnpong et al, 2020;Myers, 2020). The origin is China, and the base year is 2019.…”

Section: Production Of Fatty Alcohol Ether Sulfate (Aes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation improvement of a concentrated enzyme detergent for high-speed rail trains through life cycle assessment methodology

Yang

Gong

et al. 2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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“…Because fungi have complex enzyme systems, these complex substrates are first broken down into simple sugars by extracellular enzymes secreted by fungi, which are then transported inside the cell for further use. Recently, there has been a growing research interest in fungal cultivation using agricultural byproducts and wastes as substrates including pea‐processing byproduct, baker's yeast wastewater, fruit peel, rice straw, and starch‐processing wastewater (Jin et al, 2002; Naher et al, 2021; Padma et al, 2012; Sajad Hashemi et al, 2021; Souza Filho et al, 2018). Using these byproducts or wastes as resources to cultivate fungi provides a sustainable strategy to capture and convert these low‐value organic materials into valuable products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of utilizing almond hull extract for filamentous fungi production by submerged cultivation

Cao,

Barzee,

El Mashad

et al. 2024

Food Bioengineering

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Almond hulls can be used as an inexpensive source of nutrients for producing fungi that can be used as nontraditional foods such as alternative protein, probiotics, and food ingredients. Nutrients were extracted from almond hulls using hot water and their utility in cultivating filamentous fungus Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) in submerged cultivation was investigated using batch fermentation in flasks with passive aeration. The almond hulls extract supplied all the nutrients required for A. awamori growth. The uptake preference of various sugars was investigated and the growth kinetic parameters of A. awamori were determined. Utilization of sugars by A. awamori grown in almond hull extract proceeded sequentially with preference for glucose followed by sucrose, fructose, and then xylose. Compared to potato dextrose broth medium, the fungal biomass produced using almond hull extract as growth medium had higher protein (19.59%) and lower fat (1.50%) contents. The modified Gompertz model described the kinetics of A. awamori well with a lag phase of 0.18 days and a specific growth rate of 1.77 d−1.

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“…T A B L E 2Adeoyo et al (2017), Jecu, (2000,Naher et al (2021), Qian et al (2019),Schmidhalter and Canevascini (1992),Yoon et al (2007) …”

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confidence: 99%

Fungal systems for lignocellulose deconstruction: From enzymatic mechanisms to hydrolysis optimization

Ren,

Wu,

et al. 2024

GCB Bioenergy

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Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant renewable feedstock, but its complex structure of lignocellulose poses barriers to its enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Fungi possess diverse lignocellulolytic enzyme systems that synergistically deconstruct lignocellulose into soluble sugars for fermentation. This review elucidates recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning fungal degradation of lignocellulose. We analyze major enzyme classes tailored by fungi to depolymerize cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Highlighted are the concerted actions and intimate partnerships between these biomass‐degrading enzymes. Current challenges impeding large‐scale implementation of enzymatic hydrolysis are discussed, along with emerging biotechnological opportunities. Advanced pretreatments, high‐throughput enzyme engineering platforms, and machine learning or artificial intelligence‐guided lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail optimization represent promising ways to improve hydrolytic efficiencies. Elucidating the coordinated interplay and regulation of fungal lignocellulolytic machinery can facilitate optimization of fungal biotechnology platforms. Harnessing the efficiency of fungal biomass deconstruction promises to enhance the development of biorefinery processes for sustainable bioenergy.

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Cellulase Enzyme Production from Filamentous Fungi Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus awamori in Submerged Fermentation with Rice Straw

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Formulation improvement of a concentrated enzyme detergent for high-speed rail trains through life cycle assessment methodology

Formulation improvement of a concentrated enzyme detergent for high-speed rail trains through life cycle assessment methodology

Potential of utilizing almond hull extract for filamentous fungi production by submerged cultivation

Fungal systems for lignocellulose deconstruction: From enzymatic mechanisms to hydrolysis optimization

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