Cellulose Acetate/Magnetic Graphene Nanofiber in Enhanced Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Osteogenic Differentiation Under Alternative Current Magnetic Field

Abstract

The three-dimensional (3D) nano scaffold of the cellulose acetate (CA) containing graphene/cobalt nanocomposite (0.1[Formula: see text]wt.%) was fabricated via electrospinning technique, and its impact on bone regeneration was investigated. Through this aim, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are cultured on the CA, and graphene/cobalt (rGO/Co)/CA nanocomposite scaffold surfaces and the samples are treated under low frequency alternative magnetic field (75[Formula: see text]Hz). The scaffolds are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal studies (TG/DSC). The proliferation behavior of stem cells on CA, and rGO/Co/CA nano scaffolds are studied by MTT assay, show their biocompability after 14 days of cell seeding. The 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining is used to confirm the morality of stem cell for duration of seven days. The nanocomposite scaffold is enhanced for extremely higher proliferation compared to the bare CA scaffold. The acceleration on osteogenic differentiation on the bone mesenchymal stem cell is enhanced within 48[Formula: see text]h when rGO/Co/CA scaffold is placed under alternative current magnetic field (ACMF). Furthermore, the acceleration of the stem cells differentiation for the rGO/Co/CA scaffold under ACMF corresponds to the induced scaffold surface roughness caused by graphene sheets, the metallic behavior of graphene and the responding of the nanocomposite magnetic parts (i.e., cobalt nanoparticles) while applying 75[Formula: see text]Hz frequency. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, the superior effect of ACMF on scaffold contain magnetic graphene nanocomposite is confirmed to produce bone related genes within 14 days.

Effects of Electromagnets on Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells Treated with Dendrimer Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…The magnetic field consisted of two commercial electromagnets (Grove, seeed studio, Shenzhen, China) which were made by a thousand-rounds wire and a cold-rolled steel rod, and the working gap was tunable. The strength of the magnetic field was measured using a Tesla meter (TM-801 EXP, KANETEC) and was sensed at the bottom position of the dish [ 26 ].…”

A review on electrospun magnetic nanomaterials: methods, properties and applications

“…101 Another example shows micron size graphene sheets decorated with cobalt NPs to endow magnetism. 102 There has also been an increasing focus on producing composite fibres with a range of polymeric materials. However, the mechanism regarding the interaction between the magnetic nanoparticles and polymer materials remains unclear.…”

Cellulose Composites with Graphene for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…Even if cellular adhesion was similar for both hybrid and neat CA fibers, the cell growth orientation on CA/rGO-Co was improved ( Figure 6 b). Moreover, certain genes associated with novel bone formation (e.g., Runx2, OC, Col 1, OCN) presented an enhanced activity when the hybrid scaffolds were exposed to AMF ( Figure 6 c) [ 101 ].…”

“… DAPI stained hMSCs 3 days post seeding on CA (left) and CA/rGO-Co (right) scaffolds ( a ) SEM images of the stem cells seeded on CA (left) and CA/rGO-Co (right) nanofibrous scaffolds ( b ) Relative expressions of Run × 2, Col1, OCN and OC genes for hMSCs cultured on CA and CA/rGO-Co, with (np + wave) or without (np) AMF ( c ) [ 101 ]. Reproduced with copyright permission.…”