Abstract:There are many examples in nature where inorganic and organic phases are intricately connected to each other, both in form and function. Mineral phases impart increased mechanical strength as well as biological-, chemical-and thermal resistance to natural organic structures. This is achieved by the provision of complex hierarchical structuring to the minerals by the biological tissue. The most important biopolymer cellulose has found numerous applications from assisting ceramic processing over composite manufa… Show more
“…Electrospinning, another sol-gel method, is a common method for synthesizing materials with one-dimensional morphologies (e.g., nanofibers or nanowires) and has been used in the early stages of LIB development, such as the synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 [67]. Yang et al [68] prepared LLZO nanowires via the electrospinning method and obtained cubic-phase LLZO after calcination at 700°C for only 3 h. The work of these researchers provided a feasible strategy for the continuous production of one-dimensional nanostructured LLZO. Porous metal oxide materials can also be prepared using natural cellulosic and plant-based matter as a template [69].…”
All-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have been widely studied to achieve Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with high safety and energy density. Recent reviews and experimental papers have focused on methods that improve the ionic conductivity, stabilize the electrochemical performance, and enhance the electrolyte/electrode interfacial compatibility of several solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), including oxides, sulfides, composite and gel electrolytes, and so on. Garnet-structured Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) is highly regarded an SSE with excellent application potential. However, this type of electrolyte also possesses a number of disadvantages, such as low ionic conductivity, unstable cubic phase, and poor interfacial compatibility with anodes/cathodes. The benefits of LLZO have urged many researchers to explore effective solutions to overcome its inherent limitations. Herein, we review recent developments on garnet-structured LLZO and provide comprehensive insights to guide the development of garnet-structured LLZO-type electrolytes. We not only systematically and comprehensively discuss the preparation, element doping, structure, stability, and interfacial improvement of LLZOs but also provide future perspectives for these materials. This review expands the current understanding on advanced solid garnet electrolytes and provides meaningful guidance for the commercialization of ASSLIBs.
“…Electrospinning, another sol-gel method, is a common method for synthesizing materials with one-dimensional morphologies (e.g., nanofibers or nanowires) and has been used in the early stages of LIB development, such as the synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 [67]. Yang et al [68] prepared LLZO nanowires via the electrospinning method and obtained cubic-phase LLZO after calcination at 700°C for only 3 h. The work of these researchers provided a feasible strategy for the continuous production of one-dimensional nanostructured LLZO. Porous metal oxide materials can also be prepared using natural cellulosic and plant-based matter as a template [69].…”
All-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have been widely studied to achieve Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with high safety and energy density. Recent reviews and experimental papers have focused on methods that improve the ionic conductivity, stabilize the electrochemical performance, and enhance the electrolyte/electrode interfacial compatibility of several solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), including oxides, sulfides, composite and gel electrolytes, and so on. Garnet-structured Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) is highly regarded an SSE with excellent application potential. However, this type of electrolyte also possesses a number of disadvantages, such as low ionic conductivity, unstable cubic phase, and poor interfacial compatibility with anodes/cathodes. The benefits of LLZO have urged many researchers to explore effective solutions to overcome its inherent limitations. Herein, we review recent developments on garnet-structured LLZO and provide comprehensive insights to guide the development of garnet-structured LLZO-type electrolytes. We not only systematically and comprehensively discuss the preparation, element doping, structure, stability, and interfacial improvement of LLZOs but also provide future perspectives for these materials. This review expands the current understanding on advanced solid garnet electrolytes and provides meaningful guidance for the commercialization of ASSLIBs.
“…and processed materials (paper, cardboard, fibreboard, composites) as starting materials for the manufacturing of inorganic compounds. 32,98,[100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109] Almost all biological materials are hierarchically structured from the macro to the nano scale. As described in chapter 2, this is explicitly true in case of wood and lignocellulosics.…”
Section: Wood Templatesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…134 Fig 13 Scheme for hierarchical biotemplating of wood: a Processing steps, b transmission electron micrograph of a nanoscale replicated cell wall, c small-angle X-ray scattering pattern with anisotropic scattering from structures down to a size of 2 nm (acc. 107 , 108 , 134 )…”
Wood is a CO 2 storing material from renewable resoures with excellent mechanical properties and a sophisticated hierarchical structure from the nanoscale of cel l wall polymers up to the macroscale of tree size. In recent years, one can observe an increasing research interest in modifying and functionalising wood cell and cell wall assemblies as well as cell wall components. In this context, three fundamental approaches aiming at developing novel and advanced bioinspired and bio-based functional materials can be identified. At the level of bulk wood, this review will cover two research directions of wood functionalisation which have in common the utilisation of the hierarchical structure at different length scales, but differ in terms of the preservation of the organic scaffold of the w ood cel l wall. In those protocols that modify and functionalise wood cell walls with the emphasis on retaining their structural integrity, hybrid materials leading to polymer-or mineral-related wood products are developed. In the second wood functionalisation approach , the hierarchical structure of wood is used as a template to engineer wood-derived inorganic non-metallic materials. The third approach is at the level of cell wall components, where bio-based materials from wood cellulose nanofibres (CNF) are discussed. The use of CNF allows for designing structures with different porosities and new combinations of anisotropic properties beyond the predetermined hierarchical structure of wood. The review will cover fundamental aspects and various protocols for the three to date surprisingly separately treated approaches with a focus on synthesis procedures and characterisation of the modified materials with respect to the targeted functionalisation as
“…Nevertheless, the self-assembly of CNC is still interesting because it can be used to produce freestanding inorganic films with chiral nematic structure by incorporating inorganic precursors into CNC suspensions, controlling the size and organization of template-driven structures, such as silica photonic crystals and organosilica films ( Shopsowitz et al, 2012 ; Kelly et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Habibi, 2014 ; Van Opdenbosch and Zollfrank, 2014 ; Hiratani et al, 2017 ). After the removal of CNC, mesoporous solid structures are achieved with high surface area and long helical twist range.…”
Photonic materials featuring simultaneous iridescence and light emission are an attractive alternative for designing novel optical devices. The luminescence study of a new optical material that integrates light emission and iridescence through liquid crystal self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystal-template silica approach is herein presented. These materials containing Rhodamine 6G were obtained as freestanding composite films with a chiral nematic organization. The scanning electron microscopy confirms that the cellulose nanocrystal film structure comprises multi-domain Bragg reflectors and the optical properties of these films can be tuned through changes in the relative content of silica/cellulose nanocrystals. Moreover, the incorporation of the light-emitting compound allows a complementary control of the optical properties. Overall, such findings demonstrated that the photonic structure plays the role of direction-dependent inner-filter, causing selective suppression of the light emitted with angle-dependent detection.
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