Cellulose-based porous polymer film with auto-deposited TiO2 as spectrally selective materials for passive daytime radiative cooling

Chen, Xi; He, Min; Feng, Shuangjiang; Xu, Zhengjian; Peng, Hao; Shi, Shengnan; Liu, Chenghuan; Zhou, Yuming

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2021.111431

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The cooling wood achieved continuous subambient conditions during the day and night (Figure 4b). Similarly, other cellulose-based materials [35,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] as efficient IR emitters have been explored for PDRC. Tian et al [41] designed scalable cellulose-based composites with strong solar reflectance and mid-IR emittance, and a subambient cooling performance of 5 °C under sunlight was achieved.…”

Section: Spectral Design In the Mid-ir Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Daytime Radiative Cooling: Advanced Material Designs and Applications

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Small Methods

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the terrestrial radiation with a temperature of ≈300 K at the Earth's surface is concentrated at wavelengths ranging from 2.5 to 50 µm. Meanwhile, the combined effects from all atmospheric components result in that the special atmospheric window between 8 and 13 µm that is highly transparent. Hence, most terrestrial areas can effectively radiate heat through the transparent atmospheric window to the cold universe to maintain a relatively stable temperature. To this end, radiative coolers should have high emissivity in the transparent atmospheric window (8-13 µm), which is transparent in this region and allows infrared (IR) light to pass through. In this regard, various materials and structures have been designed in the past few decades and have exhibited promising passive cooling performance at night. [8,9] However, during the daytime, the Sun heats the radiative coolers, which seriously compromises the cooling effect. To resolve this problem, the cooler should radiate more heat to the cold universe while reflecting sunlight to avoid solar heating. Fan and co-workers [10] first designed multilayer photonic materials and achieved daytime radiative cooling to a temperature below ambient conditions when subjected to direct sunlight. Since then, various materials have been demonstrated to realize subambient daytime radiative cooling and have shown great potential for practical applications. [11][12][13] Before some reviews have summarized these developments in radiative cooling, [14][15][16][17] but the limited net cooling power and instability of radiative cooling hinder its practical wide applications. In this review, by summarizing the state-of-the-art research and development in passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC), we first propose three critical components for PDRC: 1) spectral design in the mid-IR range, 2) structure design for enhancing solar reflectance, and 3) thermal management. Second, we introduce various applications of PDRC, such as building cooling, solar cell cooling, water harvesting, clothing, and electricity generation (Figure 1). Finally, the remaining challenges and opportunities of PDRCs are also discussed. Fundamental Mechanisms of PDRC PDRC ConceptBased on Kirchhoff's law, an object with a temperature higher than 0 K continuously exchanges heat with other objects by absorbing Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is emerging as a promising cooling technology. Owing to the high, broadband solar reflectivity and high mid-infrared emissivity, daytime radiative cooling materials can achieve passive net cooling power under direct sunlight. The zero-energy-consumption characteristic enables PDRC to reduce negative environmental issues compared with conventional cooling systems. In this review, the development of advanced daytime radiative cooling designs is summarized, recent progress is highlighted, and potential correlated applications, such as building cooling, photovoltaic cooling, and electricity generation, are introduced. The remaining challenges and opportunities of PDRCs are also in...

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Section: Spectral Design In the Mid-ir Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Daytime Radiative Cooling: Advanced Material Designs and Applications

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Small Methods

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“…Hybrid cellulose‐based materials have been designed recently to optimize their optical and thermal performance for radiative cooling in either the vis or mid‐IR spectral regimes. [ 27 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ] In these materials, cellulose is serving as a matrix and/or scattering material to optimize the optical properties in the visible but the IR emission is obtained by adding thermal‐emitting polar materials such as Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , and SiO 2 nano or microspheres. Here, we engineer cellulose as an all‐in‐one radiative‐cooling material by obtaining thick and thin films via phase separation with optimized optical and thermal properties simultaneously.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly‐Scattering Cellulose‐Based Films for Radiative Cooling

et al. 2022

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Passive radiative cooling (RC) enables the cooling of objects below ambient temperature during daytime without consuming energy, promising to be a game changer in terms of energy savings and CO2 reduction. However, so far most RC surfaces are obtained by energy‐intensive nanofabrication processes or make use of unsustainable materials. These limitations are overcome by developing cellulose films with unprecedentedly low absorption of solar irradiance and strong mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) emittance. In particular, a cellulose‐derivative (cellulose acetate) is exploited to produce porous scattering films of two different thicknesses, L ≈ 30 µm (thin) and L ≈ 300 µm (thick), making them adaptable to above and below‐ambient cooling applications. The thin and thick films absorb only ≈5%${\approx}5\%$ of the solar irradiance, which represents a net cooling power gain of at least 17 W m−2, compared to state‐of‐the‐art cellulose‐based radiative‐cooling materials. Field tests show that the films can reach up to ≈5 °C below ambient temperature, when solar absorption and conductive/convective losses are minimized. Under dryer conditions (water column = 1 mm), it is estimated that the films can reach average minimum temperatures of ≈7–8 °C below the ambient. The work presents an alternative cellulose‐based material for efficient radiative cooling that is simple to fabricate, cost‐efficient and avoids the use of polluting materials.

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“…Conventional compression-based cooling systems are prevalently adopted for the occupants’ thermal comfort, but they consume 25% of all global electricity and are responsible for 7% of global greenhouse gas emissions, reaching as much as 12% for China. − Upcoming legislation, such as the China 2030 “Reaching Peak Carbon Emissions”, will mandate energy-efficient, climate-friendly cooling solutionsall while using materials that are safely nontoxic, scalable, low-cost, robust, sustainable, and safe in building scale. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrested Phase Separation Enables Optimal Light Management toward High-Performance Passive Radiative Cooling Film

Qin

Lin

Liang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Daytime passive radiative cooling has emerged as an energy-saving cooling technique. However, market penetration of current daytime passive radiative cooling-related membranes is still miniscule due to deficiencies in scalability, recyclability, and robustness. This work successfully addresses these issues by concurrently imparting the following features in a designed polymeric cooler: (1) cost-effective and recyclable raw materials that highlight the sustainability; ( 2) scalable yet exquisite structureengineering strategy to afford superb light scattering performance;(3) malleable under facile conditions to fit complex surface conformably. Specifically, our cooling membrane is solely composed of a mass chemical, polyvinyl butyral, which forms a supramolecular network with the polymer−air interface as light scattering sites and −C−O−C− bonds as infrared emitters. The structure of the polyvinyl butyral membrane is exquisitely organized via kinetical arrest of network-forming phase separation. The spatial size, contrast, and distribution of phase domains can be finely manipulated via tuning the composition routes and depth of phase separation. The optimized membrane demonstrates all-day and all-climate cooling with a 7.3 °C subambient cooling and 62 W/m 2 cooling power. In addition to this superb cooling performance, this membrane uniquely affords a collective of multiple features, such as cost effectiveness, recyclability, and hydrophobicity.

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Cellulose-based porous polymer film with auto-deposited TiO2 as spectrally selective materials for passive daytime radiative cooling

Cited by 42 publications

References 33 publications

Recent Progress in Daytime Radiative Cooling: Advanced Material Designs and Applications

Recent Progress in Daytime Radiative Cooling: Advanced Material Designs and Applications

Highly‐Scattering Cellulose‐Based Films for Radiative Cooling

Arrested Phase Separation Enables Optimal Light Management toward High-Performance Passive Radiative Cooling Film

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