Cellulose Nanocrystal Microcapsules as Tunable Cages for Nano- and Microparticles

Ye, Chunhong; Malak, Sidney T.; Hu, Kesong; Wu, Wei; Tsukruk, Vladimir V.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b03905

Cited by 81 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…CNCs combine high axial stiffness (105-168 GPa) 25 , high Young's Modulus (20-50 GPa) 6 , high tensile strength (~9 GPa) 26 , low coefficient of thermal expansion (~0. 1 ppm/K) 27 , high thermal stability (~260 °C) 28 , high aspect ratio (~10-70) 29 , low density (1.5-1.6 g/cm 3 ) 30 , lyotropic liquid crystalline behavior and shear thinning rheology 31,32 . Fig.…”

Section: Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications

Thomas¹,

Raj²,

B³

et al. 2018

Chem. Rev.

1,262

752

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With increasing environmental and ecological concerns due to the use of petroleum based chemicals and products, the synthesis of fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is of great public value. Nanocellulose may prove to be one of the most promising green materials of modern times due to its intrinsic properties, renewability and abundance. In this review, we present nanocellulose-based materials from sourcing, synthesis, and surface modification of nanocellulose, to materials formation and applications. Nanocellulose can be sourced from biomass, plants or bacteria, relying of fairly simple, scalable and efficient isolation techniques. Mechanical, chemical, enzymatic treatments, or a combination of these, can be used to extract nanocellulose from natural sources. The properties of nanocellulose are dependent on the source, the isolation technique and potential subsequent surface transformations. Nanocellulose surface modification techniques are typically used to introduce either charged or hydrophobic moieties, and include: amidation, esterification, etherification, silylation, polymerization, urethanization, sulfonationand phosphorylation. Nanocellulose has excellent strength, Young's modulus, biocompatibility, and tunable self-assembly, thixotropic and photonic properties, which are essential for the applications of this material. Nanocellulose participates in the fabrication of a large range of nanomaterials and nanocomposites, including those based on polymers, metals, metal oxides and carbon. In particular, nanocellulose complements organic-based materials, where it imparts its mechanical properties to the composite. Nanocellulose is a promising material whenever material strength, flexibility and/or specific nanostructuring are required. Applications include functional paper, optoelectronics and antibacterial coatings, packaging, mechanically reinforced polymer composites, tissue scaffolds, drug delivery, biosensors, energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation and 3 electrochemical controlled separation. Phosphorylated nanocellulose is a particularly interesting material, spanning a surprising set of applications in various dimensions including bone scaffolds, adsorbents, flame retardants and as a support for the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts.

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Section: Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications

Thomas¹,

Raj²,

B³

et al. 2018

Chem. Rev.

1,262

752

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), a kind of nanomaterial derived from cellulose, possessed lots of desirable property, like extremely outstanding mechanical strength, biocompatible and biodegradable, high specific surface area and so on (Yu et al 2013;Li et al 2016). The distinctive property of cellulose nanocrystals make it useful building block in various applications, for instance as reinforcing agents (Ye et al 2015;Song et al 2017Song et al , 2020, biomedical implant (Rueda et al 2013), rheological modifier (Li et al 2015), nanocomposites (Yu et al 2014) as well as electronic components (Eyley et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal extracted from Calotropis procera biomass

Song

Zhu

et al. 2019

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

101

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Calotropis procera fiber (CPF) is the fruit fiber of C. procera and belongs to a typical cellulosic fiber. In this study, Calotropis procera fiber (CPF) was first purified in the pretreatment process including delignification and bleaching before the isolation of cellulose nanocrystal. Chemical composition of Calotropis procera fiber was determined according to TAPPI standard method. It was composed of 64.0 wt% cellulose, 19.5 wt% hemicelluloses, and 9.7 wt% of lignin. The morphology of the Calotropis procera fiber and fiber after each pretreatment process was also investigated. Cellulose nanocrystal was extracted by classical sulfuric acid hydrolysis of the pretreated Calotropis procera fiber. TEM and SEM were used to analyze the morphologies of the obtained CNC. The crystallinity, thermal stability and suspension stability of the CNC were also investigated. The interesting results proved that this under-utilized biomass could be exploited as a new source of cellulose raw material for the production of cellulose nanocrystal. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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“…According to the preparation method, various types of nanoscale cellulose can be obtained . These include cellulose nanowhiskers, which are mainly prepared through acid hydrolysis and have an aspect ratio of 50–100; microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), which comes from mechanical fibrillation with and without pretreatment as a weblike structure; and individualized nanofiber cellulose (NFC) prepared by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated oxidation. Because of its excellent mechanical strength, researchers have used nanoscale cellulose as a promising reinforcing agent in the combination of various polymer matrixes, including poly(lactic acid), polyurethane, epoxy resin, and poly(vinyl alcohol) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of cellulose nanofibers and chain‐end‐functionalized polyethylene and their applications in nanocomposites

Dang

Cao

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, nanofiber cellulose (NFC) based on a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical oxidization method was successfully combined with chain-end-functionalized polyethylene containing alkoxysilane via silanization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, Molau tests, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses provided further evidence for the effectiveness of the surface modifications. The hydrophilic surface characteristics of NFC were changed to apparently hydrophobic for the modified nanofiber cellulose (M-NFC). Then, the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/M-NFC nanocomposite was prepared, and the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and crystallization properties of the LLDPE-M-NFC were investigated by tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results show that after modification, the thermal stability of NFC was enhanced. The interface between M-NFC and the matrix was good. The tensile strength and Young's modulus values of the nanocomposites were enhanced compared with those of LLDPE; in particular, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the blend with 5 wt % M-NFC increased by 56 and 106%, respectively. The storage modulus of the nanocomposites was enhanced obviously over a wide temperature range. The addition of a small amount of M-NFC had slight effects on the crystallinity and melting temperature of LLDPE. V C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J.Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45387.

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Cellulose Nanocrystal Microcapsules as Tunable Cages for Nano- and Microparticles

Cited by 81 publications

References 66 publications

Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications

Nanocellulose, a Versatile Green Platform: From Biosources to Materials and Their Applications

Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal extracted from Calotropis procera biomass

Combination of cellulose nanofibers and chain‐end‐functionalized polyethylene and their applications in nanocomposites

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