Cellulose nanocrystals modulate alveolar macrophage phenotype and phagocytic function

Erdem, Johanna Samulin; Alswady-Hoff, Mayes; Ervik, Torunn Kringlen; Skare, Øivind; Ellingsen, Dag G.; Zienolddiny, Shanbeh

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.02.025

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A slight, but significant effect was observed (Figure 6b), even if it remained constant regardless of the material used, and was thus provoked by the presence of CNCs. This inhibitory effect of high concentrations of CNCs on phagocytosis is consistent with previous studies in the literature [74]. Finally, we tested the capability of the CNC/AgNP hybrids to induce an inflammatory reaction in macrophages by measuring the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and interleukin IL-6 (Figure 7a,b, respectively).…”

Section: Impact Of the Variation Of Agnp Content On Macrophage Viability And Functionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of Physico-Chemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Suspensions on Their Biocidal and Toxicological Effects

et al. 2021

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There is a demand for nanoparticles that are environmentally acceptable, but simultaneously efficient and low cost. We prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) grafted on a native bio-based substrate (cellulose nanocrystals, CNCs) with high biocidal activity and no toxicological impact. AgNPs of 10 nm are nucleated on CNCs in aqueous suspension with content from 0.4 to 24.7 wt%. XANES experiments show that varying the NaBH4/AgNO3 molar ratio affects the AgNP oxidation state, while maintaining an fcc structure. AgNPs transition from 10 nm spherical NPs to 300 nm triangular-shaped AgNPrisms induced by H2O2 post-treatment. The 48 h biocidal activity of the hybrid tested on B. Subtilis is intensified with the increase of AgNP content irrespective of the Ag+/Ag0 ratio in AgNPs, while the AgNSphere−AgNPrism transition induces a significant reduction of biocidal activity. A very low minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.016 mg AgNP/mL is determined. A new long-term biocidal activity test (up to 168 h) proved efficiency favorable to the smaller AgNPs. Finally, it is shown that AgNPs have no impact on the phagocytic capacity of mammalian cells.

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Section: Impact Of the Variation Of Agnp Content On Macrophage Viability And Functionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of Physico-Chemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Suspensions on Their Biocidal and Toxicological Effects

et al. 2021

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“…Previously, the geometry of FITC-CNC was advocated to govern its internalization into human foreskin fibroblasts through endocytosis. While most study involving FITC-CNC produced rod-like shape particles [14,15,16,19], Liebert and colleagues successfully synthesized spherical FITC-CNC directly from commercialized trimethylsilylcellulose [17]. After 2 h incubation, the human foreskin fibroblast used in the study was found to be highly loaded with FITC-CNC nanospheres, suggesting a rapid internalization through endocytosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although numerous studies have evaluated the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of acid hydrolysed-CNC, however, most of them only focused on the rod or needle-like shaped CNC [14,15,16]. Only one study has successfully synthesized spherical CNC (directly from commercialized trimethylsilylcellulose instead of acid-hydrolysed-CNC) and investigated its cytotoxicity and cellular accumulation [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Cellular Internalization of Spherical Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) into Normal and Cancerous Fibroblasts

et al. 2019

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The aim was to isolate cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from commercialized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose nanofibre (CNF) through sulphuric acid hydrolysis and explore its safeness as a potential nanocarrier. Successful extraction of CNC was confirmed through a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transmission infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry analysis. For subsequent cellular uptake study, the spherical CNC was covalently tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), resulting in negative charged FITC-CNC nanospheres with a dispersity (Ð) of 0.371. MTT assay revealed low degree cytotoxicity for both CNC and FITC-CNC against C6 rat glioma and NIH3T3 normal fibroblasts up to 50 µg/mL. FITC conjugation had no contribution to the particle’s toxicity. Through confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), synthesized FITC-CNC manifested negligible cellular accumulation, indicating a poor non-selective adsorptive endocytosis into studied cells. Overall, an untargeted CNC-based nanosphere with less cytotoxicity that posed poor selectivity against normal and cancerous cells was successfully synthesized. It can be considered safe and suitable to be developed into targeted nanocarrier.

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“…Likewise, another study reported that pristine CNC was not able to induce macrophage polarization, and M0 macrophages expressed only low levels of cytokines and chemokines. However, macrophages polarized to M1 expressed high levels of IL-1b among other cytokines, and altered phagocytic activity following treatment with the same nanocellulose (Erdem et al 2019). Regarding the size influence, three CNCs were with different sizes also induced a robust inflammatory response in A549 cells following 24 h and 72 h exposure, with a direct relationship between the size of the CNCs and the magnitude of response (Menas et al 2017).…”

Section: Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…No cytotoxicity (MTT and LDH assays) was detected for a 0.05 wt% CNC suspension (0-50 lg/mL for 48 h) tested in several human (endothelial and epithelial cells; HBMEC, MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, KB, PC-3 cells) and mouse cell lines (endothelial cells and macrophages; bEnd.3, RAW 264.7 cells) and in one rat fibroblast (C6) cell line (Dong et al 2012). Only a slight cytotoxicity was observed in macrophages exposed to a pristine CNCs, either in gel or in powder (Erdem et al 2019). However, (Yanamala et al 2016) observed a dose-dependent decrease in THP-1 cells viability after exposure to 5-300 lg/mL of hydrophilic (uncoated; width 37 ± 7 nm) or a hydrophobic (lignin-coated; 47 ± 9 nm) CNCs, more pronounced after 72 h. A recent application of CNCs bearing negatively charged carboxylic groups in hydrogel membranes with Na ?…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the toxicity of cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils in animal and cellular models

et al. 2020

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The need for reaching environmental sustainability encourages research on new cellulosebased materials for a broad range of applications across many sectors of industry. Cellulosic nanomaterials obtained from different sources and with different functionalization are being developed with the purpose of its use in many applications, in pure and composite forms, from consumer products to pharmaceutics and healthcare products. Based on previous knowledge about the possible adverse health effects of other nanomaterials with high aspect ratio and biopersistency in body fluids, e.g., carbon nanotubes, it is expected that the nanometric size of nanocellulose will increase its toxicity as compared to that of bulk cellulose. Several toxicological studies have been performed, in vitro or in vivo, with the aim of predicting the health effects caused by exposure to nanocellulose. Ultimately, their goal is to reduce the risk to humans associated with unintentional environmental or occupational exposure, and the design of safe nanocellulose materials to be used, e.g., as carriers for drug delivery or other biomedical applications, as in wound dressing materials. This review intends to identify the toxicological effects that are elicited by nanocelluloses produced through a topdown approach from vegetal biomass, namely, cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils, and relate them with the physicochemical characteristics of nanocellulose. For this purpose, the article provides: (i) a brief review of the types and applications of cellulose nanomaterials; (ii) a comprehensive review of the literature reporting their biological impact, alongside to their specific physicochemical characteristics, in order to draw conclusions about their effects on human health.Célia Ventura and Fátima Pinto have contributed equally to this work.

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Cellulose nanocrystals modulate alveolar macrophage phenotype and phagocytic function

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Impact of Physico-Chemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Suspensions on Their Biocidal and Toxicological Effects

Impact of Physico-Chemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid Suspensions on Their Biocidal and Toxicological Effects

Characterization and Cellular Internalization of Spherical Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) into Normal and Cancerous Fibroblasts

On the toxicity of cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils in animal and cellular models

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