“…Compared with traditional carriers, like Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ceramics, molecular sieves, etc., metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) emerge as outstanding carriers for various active centers due to their stable physicochemical properties and ultrahigh specific surface area. − More importantly, the vacant orbitals of the isolated metal sites can effectively interact with POM anions, ensuring a uniform dispersion of the active POM-ILs. MIL-101 is a representative MOF material with a larger specific surface area and separated Cr(III) sites, ensuring the uniform dispersion of POM-ILs with high stability. − Furthermore, this carrier can act as an efficient absorbent for sulfides in oils, leading to the establishment of locally raised concentrations of sulfides on its surface. , Then, accelerated reaction activity should be realized with the existence of increased concentration of sulfides on the surface of isolated POM-IL active center, establishing adsorption coupled with oxidative desulfurization reaction system. Furthermore, there is no requirement to introduce additional extractants or absorbents to eliminate the oxidized sulfones, receiving deep desulfurization under solvent-free and moderate reaction conditions.…”