Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: Field trials

Page, E. R.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740310716

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Experiments with crops have shown that so long as the soil surface remains wet during emergence, there is no adverse effect on seedling establishment; if the cap dries out, then emergence is delayed and reduced (Sale & Harrison, 1964). The effects of cellulose xanthate on weed emergence paralleled those recorded for crops (Page, 1980b). When the soil was continuously moist while the weeds were emerging, as in the third experiment, there was no consistent effect from application of cellulose xanthate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: implications for weed control with some soil‐applied herbicides

Roberts¹,

Bond²,

Walker³

et al. 1981

Annals of Applied Biology

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Applications of cellulose xanthate equivalent to 50 kg cellulose/ha to fresh seedbeds preserved surface microtopography and prevented capping after rainfall. Numbers of weed seedlings were up to 50% greater than on untreated soil where capping occurred. The efficiency of nine soil-acting herbicides was not impaired when applied at normal rates either before or after cellulose xanthate. There was no evidence of interaction and the numbers of surviving weeds were proportional to the numbers where no herbicide had been applied. With propachlor, however, weed control was consistently less when applied shortly before or after cellulose xanthate, and analyses showed that in the presence of the soil conditioner the rate of herbicide loss was enhanced. This effect decreased the longer propachlor application was delayed, but was still evident with an interval of 96 h.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In the experiments reported by Page (1980b). there was no indication of failure of weed control when cellulose xanthate preceded soil-applied herbicides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: implications for weed control with some soil‐applied herbicides

Roberts¹,

Bond²,

Walker³

et al. 1981

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…They have similar binding ability to clays in soil as polyacrylamide based polymers (Wood & Oster, 1985). One percent (1%) cellulose xanthate solution was successfully applied at 22 kg/ha on sites to cope with the depressed seedling emergence caused by soil capping by weather (Page, 1980). Such material did not show depressive effect on the growth of the crops under experiment (carrots, onions, leeks, lettuce, and sugar beet) and did not present any interaction with herbicides.…”

Section: Xanthates Use In the Agriculture Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Essentiality, Fate, Ecotoxicity, and Health Effects of Xanthates and Xanthates Based-Compounds—A Review

Bararunyeretse¹,

Claver²,

Niyoyitungiye³

et al. 2022

GEP

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Xanthates are organic synthesized substances with a potentially wide range of applications. They may serve as essential components of many compounds or materials that also play a vital role in various industrial and socio-economic processes. Addressing the question of the use of xanthates without considering their toxicity, and their decomposition process and products would be ecologically and healthily less sustainable. To date, related information is still dispersed and less known to the public. Therefore, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the existing information on the essentiality, fate, ecotoxicity, and health effects of xanthates and associated compounds. According to available information from scientific, technical, and professional circles, xanthates are diverse, usually with a carbon chain of two to six carbon atoms. They play a crucial role in the sectors of the mining and mineral processing industry, agriculture, wastewater treatment, metal protection, rubber vulcanization, the pharmaceutical industry, and medicine. Xanthates' degradation under different factors and mechanisms, which determine their fate in the environment, leads to the formation of toxic substances, mainly carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen peroxide. Xanthates and xanthates degradation products are seriously hazardous to humans, animals, soil and aquatic organisms, enzymatic system, etc. Simultaneous exposure to xanthates and metals results in the magnification or reduction of their toxicity level, depending on the exposed organisms. Such toxicological dimensions should attract more scientific and public attention for more safe production, use, storage, and disposal of xanthates. Due to the high affinity of xanthates for metal, xanthates-modified compounds are efficient metal chelating agents. Such a property should be explored to develop potentially low-cost and effective alternatives for metal removal and recovery from contaminated media. The same applies to developing appropriate methods for the evalua-

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Fate of sulphur compounds released from cellulose xanthate during its action as a soil conditioner

Page¹,

Gerwitz²

1982

J Sci Food Agric

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The distribution of the sulphur‐containing compounds released from cellulose xanthate after its application to soil has been investigated by laboratory experiments using 35S‐labelled cellulose xanthate. It was shown that more than half of the sulphur contained in cellulose xanthate applied to soil was dispersed into the atmosphere, presumably as carbon disulphide. This release occurred rapidly during the first few hours and was virtually complete within 48 h. About 25% of the sulphur added was water soluble, and was leached through the soil by simulated rain. About 20% of the sulphur added remained attached to the soil in an insoluble form, some of it acid resistant. Ageing the cellulose xanthate for up to 14 days at 20°C before application had only minor effects on this fractionation. It is unlikely that the use of cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner would have any appreciably harmful or unpleasant side effects, or cause damage to the environment.

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Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: Field trials

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: implications for weed control with some soil‐applied herbicides

Cellulose xanthate as a soil conditioner: implications for weed control with some soil‐applied herbicides

Essentiality, Fate, Ecotoxicity, and Health Effects of Xanthates and Xanthates Based-Compounds—A Review

Fate of sulphur compounds released from cellulose xanthate during its action as a soil conditioner

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