Cellulosic nanorods of various aspect ratios for oil in water Pickering emulsions

Kalashnikova, Irina; Bizot, Hervé; Bertoncini, Patricia; Cathala, Bernard; Capron, Isabelle

doi:10.1039/c2sm26472b

Cited by 535 publications

(529 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In a follow-up publication Kalashnikova et al further demonstrated that the coverage and behaviour of oil-in-water emulsions was heavily influenced by particle aspect ratio. 75 Using shorter particles as stabilizing agents produced more individualized droplets where as long CNCs bridged droplets creating network-like emulsions. Aspect ratio not only affects interfacial behaviour but impacts, rheological properties, 73 reinforcing capability, 76 and packing of CNCs.…”

Section: "µM"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CNCs produced without oligosaccharide layers were observed to be more viscous and less colloidally stable in high ionic strength environments. These studies emphasize that thorough understanding of CNC properties prior to use is critical as differences in particle dimension and charge density can greatly affect the rheological, 73 colloidal, 74 interfacial, 75 and reinforcing properties. 76 Along with the hydrolysis conditions, post extraction treatments such as sonication or purification can further impact CNC properties and behaviour.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals: From the Laboratory to Industrial Production

2016

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Abstract:The renewability, biocompatibility and mechanical properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have made them an attractive material for numerous composite, biomedical and rheological applications. However, for CNCs to shift from laboratory curiosity to commercial applications, researchers must transition from CNCs extracted at the bench scale to material produced at an industrial scale. There are a number of companies currently producing kilogram to ton per day quantities of sulfuric acid-hydrolyzed CNCs, as well as other nanocelluloses, as described herein.With the recent intensification of industrially produced CNCs, the variety of cellulose sources, hydrolysis methods and purification procedures, characterization of these materials becomes critical. This has further been justified by the past two decades of research which demonstrate that CNC stability and behaviour is highly dependent on surface chemistry, surface charge density and particle size. This work outlines key test methods that should be employed to characterize these properties to ensure a "known" starting material and consistent performance.Of the sulfuric acid-extracted CNCs examined, industrially produced material compared well with laboratory-made CNCs, exhibiting similar charge density, colloidal and thermal stability, crystallinity, morphology and self-assembly behaviour. In addition, it was observed that further purification of CNCs, using Soxhlet extraction in ethanol, had minimal impact on nanoparticle properties and is unlikely to be necessary for many applications. Overall the current standing of industrially produced CNCs is positive suggesting that the evolution to commercial scale applications will not be hindered by CNC production.

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Section: "µM"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals: From the Laboratory to Industrial Production

2016

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“…Intriguingly, another recent work has suggested that pure cellulose may itself be a good stabilizer of oil-in-water emulsions. 35 This is of some significance given the large amount of wasted cellulose currently resulting from the agriculture and food production activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle adsorption rates on the disproportionation process in pickering stabilised bubbles

Ettelaie

Murray

2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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The degree of shrinkage of particle stabilised bubbles of various sizes, in a polydisperse bubble dispersion, has been investigated in the light of the finite adsorption times for the particles and the disproportionation kinetics of the bubbles. For the case where the system contains an abundance of particles we find a threshold radius, above which bubbles are stabilised without any significant reduction in their size. Bubbles with an initial radius below this threshold on the other hand, undergo a large degree of shrinkage prior to stabilisation.As the ratio of the available particles to the bubbles is reduced, it is shown that the final bubble size, for the larger bubbles in the distribution, becomes increasingly governed by the number of particles, rather than their adsorption time per se. For systems with "adsorption controlled" shrinkage ratio, the final bubble distribution is found to be wider than the initial one, while for a "particle number controlled" case it is actually narrower. Starting from an unimodal bubble size distribution, we predict that at intermediate times, prior to the full stabilisation of all bubbles, the distribution breaks up into a bimodal one. However, the effect is transient and an unimodal final bubble size distribution is recovered once again, when all the bubbles are stabilised by the particles.-3-1

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“…The most common sources include, among others, cellulose fibres from cotton, ramie, hemp, flax, hardwood and cotton linter pulp, microcrystalline cellulose, bacterial cellulose and tunicates [11][12][13]. The CNCs generally used are obtained from wood and cotton through sulfuric acid hydrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some modification of cellulose nanocrystals for functional Pickering emulsions

Saidane¹,

Perrin²,

Cherhal³

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are negatively charged colloidal particles well known to form highly stable surfactant-free Pickering emulsions. These particles can vary in surface charge density depending on their preparation by acid hydrolysis or applying post-treatments. CNCs with three different surface charge densities were prepared corresponding to 0.08, 0.16 and 0.64 e nm −2 , respectively. Posttreatment might also increase the surface charge density. The well-known TEMPO-mediated oxidation substitutes C 6 -hydroxyl groups by C 6 -carboxyl groups on the surface. We report that these different modified CNCs lead to stable oil-in-water emulsions. TEMPO-oxidized CNC might be the basis of further modifications. It is shown that they can, for example, lead to hydrophobic CNCs with a simple method using quaternary ammonium salts that allow producing inverse water-in-oil emulsions. Different from CNC modification before emulsification, modification can be carried out on the droplets after emulsification. This way allows preparing functional capsules according to the layer-by-layer process. As a result, it is demonstrated here the large range of use of these biobased rod-like nanoparticles, extending therefore their potential use to highly sophisticated formulations.

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Cellulosic nanorods of various aspect ratios for oil in water Pickering emulsions

Cited by 535 publications

References 40 publications

Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals: From the Laboratory to Industrial Production

Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals: From the Laboratory to Industrial Production

Effect of particle adsorption rates on the disproportionation process in pickering stabilised bubbles

Some modification of cellulose nanocrystals for functional Pickering emulsions

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