Celocentesis for In Utero Stem Cell Therapy: Where We Now Stand and Future Directions

Santolaya-Forgas, Joaquín; León‐Luis, Juan De; Wilkins-Haugh, Louise

doi:10.1055/s-2007-972925

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, in the near future, we intend to extrapolate these findings to our experimental models, attempting to pave the way for prenatal cell-based therapy for catastrophic genetic conditions. 31 In conclusion, we confirm that the fetal thymus can be measured and present normative data suggesting that fetal sex does not affect the size of the thymus. Further research is now required to determine whether the fetal thymus can be used as an indirect marker for functional thymic insufficiency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Sonographic Measurements of the Thymus in Male and Female Fetuses

León‐Luis

Gámez

Pintado

et al. 2009

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Sonographic Measurements of the Thymus in Male and Female Fetuses

León‐Luis

Gámez

Pintado

et al. 2009

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Acute changes in the embryonic heart rate: a response to environmental challenges?

Santolaya

Stefano

Luis

et al. 2012

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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Ultrasound detection of hyaloid artery in the third trimester of pregnancy: a pathological findingThe hyaloid artery is part of the embryonic vasculature of the eye and normally regresses during the second trimester of pregnancy 1 . Failure of regression of the hyaloid artery is a sign of abnormal eye development and is usually associated with a persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) 2 . The hyaloid artery disappears between 23 and 28 weeks, and is normally not visible on ultrasound after 29 weeks of gestation 3 . One report has linked the observation of cataracts and thickened hyaloid artery-lens junction on ultrasound at 23 weeks with the diagnosis of PHPV 4 . Persistence of the hyaloid artery on ultrasound examination during the third trimester is a rare pathological finding. We report a case of persistence of the hyaloid artery in the third trimester of pregnancy associated with other anomalies.A 31-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, was referred to our prenatal diagnosis center at 27 weeks' gestation for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Her obstetric history consisted of one normal pregnancy with term delivery. The parents were not consanguineous. The firsttrimester screening ultrasound scan had found a normal nuchal translucency measurement, but maternal serum markers had not been obtained. Follow-up ultrasound confirmed IUGR at 30 weeks, with all fetometric measurements below the 3 rd centile but a normal umbilical Doppler. Ultrasound examination also showed hyperechogenic kidneys and a persistent hyaloid artery visible on a transverse view of the right fetal orbit (Figure 1a). Amniocentesis was performed revealing a normal karyotype, and no deletion of the chromosomal region 4p was found on fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of amniotic fluid was negative for cytomegalovirus. Fetal skeletal three-dimensional helical computer tomography and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging were performed and were found to be normal. The hyaloid artery was still present on ultrasound examination at 32 weeks. The morphological abnormalities observed, the uncertain prognosis and the suspicion of syndromic association were explained to the couple by a multidisciplinary team involving geneticists and pediatric ophthalmologists. In accordance with French legislation, termination of pregnancy was performed at the request of the parents. The woman delivered a 1175-g (< 3 rd centile) male baby at 34 weeks.Postmortem examination confirmed IUGR and revealed renal microcysts. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the eyes also confirmed the presence of the right hyaloid artery (Figure 1b). Hyperplastic primary vitreous was not visible on histological examination, but lens histology revealed a developing cataract (Figure 2).Despite the histological absence of PHPV in our case, the persistence of the hyaloid artery belongs to the same spectrum of ocular malformations and our histological examination showed a unilateral right cataract, which

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In Utero Therapy for Congenital Disorders Using Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells

Subramaniam¹,

Antoniadou²,

Coppi³

et al. 2018

Perinatal Stem Cells

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Congenital diseases are responsible for over a third of all pediatric hospital admissions. Advances in prenatal screening and molecular diagnosis have allowed the detection of many life-threatening genetic diseases early in gestation. In utero transplantation (IUT) with stem cells could cure affected fetuses but so far in humans, successful IUT using allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), has been limited to fetuses with severe immunologic defects and more recently IUT with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, has improved phenotype in osteogenesis imperfecta. The options of preemptive treatment of congenital diseases in utero by stem cell or gene therapy changes the perspective of congenital diseases since it may avoid the need for postnatal treatment and reduce future costs. Amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells have been isolated and characterized in human, mice, rodents, rabbit, and sheep and are a potential source of cells for therapeutic applications in disorders for treatment prenatally or postnatally. Gene transfer to the cells with long-term transgenic protein expression is feasible. Recently, preclinical autologous transplantation of transduced cells has been achieved in fetal sheep using minimally invasive ultrasound guided injection techniques. Clinically relevant levels of transgenic protein were expressed in the blood of transplanted lambs for at least 6 months. The cells have also demonstrated the potential of repair in a range of preclinical disease models such as neurological disorders, tracheal repair, bladder injury, and diaphragmatic hernia repair in neonates or adults. These results have been encouraging, and bring personalized tissue engineering for prenatal treatment of genetic disorders closer to the clinic.

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Celocentesis for In Utero Stem Cell Therapy: Where We Now Stand and Future Directions

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Sonographic Measurements of the Thymus in Male and Female Fetuses

Sonographic Measurements of the Thymus in Male and Female Fetuses

Acute changes in the embryonic heart rate: a response to environmental challenges?

In Utero Therapy for Congenital Disorders Using Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells

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