Cement Equivalence of Metakaolin for Workability, Cohesiveness, Strength and Sorptivity of Concrete

Chen, J.J.; Li, Q.H.; Ng, P.L.; Li, L.G.; Kwan, A.K.H.

doi:10.3390/ma13071646

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…All MK, calcined clay and calcined clay-limestone systems were found to have between 30-50% reduction in absorption rate compared to the reference concrete in most studies. Figure 4: Influence of calcined clay replacement level on the absorption rate [15,24,55,60,82,[85][86][87][88][89], where Circles: metakaolin, squares: calcined clays (Al2O3/SiO2 > 0.…”

Section: Moisture Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review

et al. 2022

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Section: Moisture Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review

et al. 2022

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“…The use of metakaolin requires more water in the mortar mixtures due to its high pozzolanic reactivity and the fact that it consumes water very early. Similarly, Fan et al [20], reported a reduction in slump values with increasing MK content.…”

Section: A Consistency Of Micro-and Ultrafine-metakaolin Mortarsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Performance of Cement Mortar Containing Micro and Ultrafine Metakaolin Binders

Supit¹,

Rumbayan²,

Ticoalu³

2022

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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Research into the usage of locally available construction material is essential and beneficial in ensuring a cost-effective construction project. One of the natural resources that be used as supplementary cementitious material is metakaolin. This research aims to investigate the performance of mortar reinforced with micro-and ultrafine metakaolin based on compressive strength and water absorption tests. Locally sourced metakaolin was mixed in cement mortar after calcined at 800C with a variation amount of 0%, 5%, and 10% by wt. The tests were conducted on the 50mmx50mmx50mm cube specimens after water curing at 7 and 28 days, following the ASTM-standards. Results show that specimens containing 10% of micro-and ultrafine-metakaolin (MK-10 and UM-10) exhibited the highest compressive strength and better water-resistance characteristics when compared to control mortar. In this case, the addition of 10% ultrafine metakaolin (UM-10) reached the highest compressive strength value with approximately 121% and 100% higher than the compressive strength of control mortar on the 7 th and 28 th day, respectively. Additionally, the water absorption of UM-10 at 28 days was found to be 86% and 30% lower than PCC and MK-10, respectively. Furthermore, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric graphs of pastes with micro-and ultrafine-metakaolin indicate a reduction of CH; therefore, the production of more CSH gel. The densification of cement paste with ultrafine-metakaolin is also confirmed by nitrogen adsorption analysis indicating ultrafine-metakaolin's inert filler effect in forming a denser matrix.

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“…Nevertheless, replacing FMK with cement content in concrete can result in a decrease in strength. Moreover, Chen et al [12] have found that 20% of FMK as partial cement replacement in HSC can provide maximum strength in 28 days. From the heat of hydration point of view, using FMK as partial cement replacement gives a vice-versa pattern when compared to POFA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and heat emissions performance of high strength concrete containing fine metakaolin & palm oil fuel ash as partial cement replacement

Abu Bakar,

Ismail,

Che Rahim

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Cement production significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2). In addition to the CO2 emissions from cement production, the increase in palm oil fuel ash (POFA), which is the by-product of the palm oil industry, can also contribute to environmental pollution. This study carried out on POFA and metakaolin (MK) as a partial cement replacement can reduce the problem of greenhouse and environmental effects. Apart from that, it can also increase the level of concrete strength. The slump and compressive strength tests were carried out first on concrete that uses fine metakaolin (FMK) only as a partial cement replacement to obtain an optimum value of FMK. Thus, the optimum FMK content found in this study was 20%. Next, slump tests, compressive strength tests, and heat of hydration tests were carried out on samples containing FMK and POFA content as a partial cement replacement up to 40% of the total cement replacement. The POFA content starts at 5%, followed by 10%, 15%, and 20%. In addition to that, FMK content of 20% and superplasticizer (SP) of 2% were constant for all design mixes. The workability of concrete decreases with the inclusion of FMK and POFA as partial cement replacements and 2% of SP as a constant. However, the strength of concrete containing 20% FMK and 5% POFA as partial cement replacement has given better compressive strength than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete up to 14.07% at 28 days. Additionally, it is found that the exact amount of 20% FMK and 5% POFA enables concrete to be reduced to 5.54% in peak temperature compared to OPC concrete. Furthermore, the formation of C-S-H gel was increasingly generated and able to fill in the gaps in concrete when the POFA content increased, thus making the concrete denser and stronger than the control series.

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Cement Equivalence of Metakaolin for Workability, Cohesiveness, Strength and Sorptivity of Concrete

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review

Durability performance of binary and ternary blended cementitious systems with calcined clay: a RILEM TC 282-CCL, review

Performance of Cement Mortar Containing Micro and Ultrafine Metakaolin Binders

Strength and heat emissions performance of high strength concrete containing fine metakaolin & palm oil fuel ash as partial cement replacement

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