Cementation of copper on zinc in an unsubmerged jet reactor

Mass Transfer Behavior of a Rotating Packed Bed of Raschig Rings Suitable for Wastewater Treatment

“…Another advantage of using the rotating packed bed as a biochemical reactor is the higher rate of heat transfer between the rotating bed and an outer cooling jacket (around the container) due to the combined effect of the high thermal conductivity of the catalyst support and the well‐stirred solution in the gap between the bed and the container wall, as a result of the interaction between the radial flow coming out of the rotating bed and the flow induced by the outer surface of the bed, which acts as a rotating cylinder. In the event of extremely exothermic reactions, this relatively quick cooling would prevent the heat‐sensitive biomass from thermal damage. By using diffusion‐controlled cementation on a less noble metal, the rotating packed‐bed reactor can be utilized to remove heavy metals from wastewater 27–29. By using catalytic wet oxidation, rotating‐bed reactors can be utilized to remove organic contaminants from wastewater 30–32. The current reactor can be utilized as a photocatalytic reactor to remove organic pollutants from wastewater; in this case, the Raschig rings will support the TiO 2 catalyst to eliminate the tedious downstream process of separating the TiO 2 powder from the treated solution, and the rotating bed will be surrounded by an array of vertical UV lamps. The expensive post‐recovery of the catalyst particles after water treatment is currently the key technological challenge preventing the commercialization of the photocatalytic stirred‐slurry reactor 33–36.…”

“…In the event of extremely exothermic reactions, this relatively quick cooling would prevent the heat-sensitive biomass from thermal damage. -By using diffusion-controlled cementation on a less noble metal, the rotating packed-bed reactor can be utilized to remove heavy metals from wastewater [27][28][29]. -By using catalytic wet oxidation, rotating-bed reactors can be utilized to remove organic contaminants from wastewater [30][31][32].…”

“…By using diffusion‐controlled cementation on a less noble metal, the rotating packed‐bed reactor can be utilized to remove heavy metals from wastewater 27–29.…”