Cementation of Glass-Ceramic Posterior Restorations: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Aim. The aim of this comprehensive review is to systematically organize the current knowledge regarding the cementation of glass-ceramic materials and restorations, with an additional focus on the benefits of Immediate Dentin Sealing (IDS). Materials and Methods. An extensive literature search concerning the cementation of single-unit glass-ceramic posterior restorations was conducted in the databases of MEDLINE (Pubmed), CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and EMBASE. To be considered for inclusion, in vitro and in vivo studies should compare different cementation regimes involving a “glass-ceramic/cement/human tooth” complex. Results and Conclusions. 88 studies were included in total. The in vitro data were organized according to the following topics: (micro)shear and (micro)tensile bond strength, fracture strength, and marginal gap and integrity. For in vivo studies survival and quality of survival were considered. In vitro studies showed that adhesive systems (3-step, etch-and-rinse) result in the best (micro)shear bond strength values compared to self-adhesive and self-etch systems when luting glass-ceramic substrates to human dentin. The highest fracture strength is obtained with adhesive cements in particular. No marked clinical preference for one specific procedure could be demonstrated on the basis of the reviewed literature. The possible merits of IDS are most convincingly illustrated by the favorable microtensile bond strengths. No clinical studies regarding IDS were found.

Evaluation of marginal fit and microleakage of monolithic zirconia crowns cemented by bio-active and glass ionomer cements: In vitro study

“…Thermal cycling regime is considered the most widely-used procedure to simulate the physiological aging experienced by biomaterials in the dental practice. Consequently, it is routinely employed in experimental studies to evaluate material's performance [25]. In this study, teeth were subjected to 1000 cycles from 5 to 55oC to simulate the oral hot and cold conditions with dwell tie 20 seconds and 7 seconds transfer time [42].…”

“…Conventional glass ionomer has been introduced into the dental field as a hybrid material of silicate cements and polycarboxylate cements to make the best out of the two materials: fluoride release to prevent caries [22] (silicate cement) and adhesion to dental substrates (polycarboxylate cement) [23]. Several studies [7,19,[24][25][26] suggested that, due to its chemical adhesion to tooth structure and good biocompatibility as a conventional cement, glass ionomer can be used for cementation of full coverage zirconia restorations.…”

Penetration of Different Impression Materials into Exposed Dentinal Tubules during the Impression Procedure

“…It is known that the long-term success rate of these materials is influenced by various factors. The most influential of these for effective adhesive restorations include the adhesive procedures, the quality of the remaining tooth and the type of material used [8]. This has led to a growing interest in the study of ceramic materials and their related aspects.…”

Early clinical performance of resin cements in glass-ceramic posterior restorations in adult vital teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…26 With respect to the technique itself, adhesive cementation can be considered more difficult as it is more time-consuming and requires improved moisture control in comparison with water-based cementation. 1 Posterior crowns exhibit higher fracture rates than anterior crowns, and indirectly bonded restorations in molars exhibit higher failure rates than those in premolar crowns. 27 The clinical success and reliability of the ceramic systems are directly related to the mechanical integrity of their constituent materials and bond strength at the ceramicadhesive interface.…”

“…To satisfy the esthetic and functional requirements in restorative dentistry, cements, cementation techniques, bonding systems, and bonded glass-ceramics have been developed and have become popular. 1 To ensure adequate resistance and esthetics, a product is needed between the tooth and the ceramic restoration. 2 Cements are necessary to provide good marginal adaptation and for ensuring the retention of the restoration.…”