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Background. In total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip, there is considerable controversy regarding the placement of the acetabular cup, anatomic center, and upward in acetabular reconstruction. This article explores the efficacy of the anatomical center technique and high hip center technique in the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip. Method. By searching for articles in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, we collected the literature on the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip by anatomical center and high hip center technology and screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials, the quality of the literature in retrospective cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the RevMan 5.4 software was used to analyze the extracted outcome indicators. Results. Nine studies were finally included, including one prospective cohort study, eight retrospective cohort studies, two high-quality studies, and six moderate-quality studies. The meta-analysis results showed that the reconstruction of the acetabulum in two positions was significantly different in terms of operation time ( WMD = − 37 , 95% CI: -45.25-28.74, P < 0.00001 ), intraoperative blood loss ( WMD = − 91.88 , 95% CI: -108.57-75.19, P < 0.00001 ), postoperative drainage volume ( WMD = 80.55 , 95% CI: -140.56-301.66, P = 0.48 ), time to ground ( WMD = − 0.68 , 95% CI: -1.37-0.0, P = 0.05 ), Harris score ( WMD = − 0.04 , 95% CI: -0.91-0.82, P = 0.92 ), lower limb length difference ( WMD = 0.21 , 95% CI: -0.22-0.64, P = 0.33 ), WOMAC score ( WMD = − 1.24 , 95% CI: -4.89-2.41, P = 0.51 ), postoperative complications ( RD = − 0.02 , 95% CI: -0.06-0.02, P = 0.44 ), Trendelenburg sign ( RD = − 0.02 , 95% CI: -0.02-0.05, P = 0.31 ), limb lengthening ( WMD = 0.85 , 95% CI: 0.61-1.09, P < 0.00001 ), prosthesis wear ( WMD = 0.01 , 95% CI: 0-0.02, P = 0.17 ), and prosthesis loosening ( RD = 0.01 , 95% CI: -0.02-0.04, P = 0.45 ). Conclusions. The high hip center technique can reduce operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and downtime. The anatomical center technique is superior to the high hip center technique in terms of limb lengthening. Compared with acetabular anatomical reconstruction, there was no significant difference in postoperative drainage, lower limb length difference, postoperative complications, Trendelenburg sign, and prosthesis survival or wear. For DDH patients who are not severely shortened in the lower limbs and have severe acetabular bone defects, joint surgeons can choose to reconstruct the acetabulum in the upper part to simplify the operation, reduce the trauma of the patient, and accelerate the recovery of the patient, and they can choose to adjust the length of the neck and the angle of the neck shaft to maintain the moment arm of the abductor muscle. A ceramic interface or a highly cross-linked polyethylene interface minimizes the effect of hip response forces. To further evaluate the efficacy of the anatomical center technique and the high hip center technique in the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip, more large-sample, high-quality, long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials are still needed for verification.
Background. In total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip, there is considerable controversy regarding the placement of the acetabular cup, anatomic center, and upward in acetabular reconstruction. This article explores the efficacy of the anatomical center technique and high hip center technique in the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip. Method. By searching for articles in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, we collected the literature on the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip by anatomical center and high hip center technology and screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials, the quality of the literature in retrospective cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and the RevMan 5.4 software was used to analyze the extracted outcome indicators. Results. Nine studies were finally included, including one prospective cohort study, eight retrospective cohort studies, two high-quality studies, and six moderate-quality studies. The meta-analysis results showed that the reconstruction of the acetabulum in two positions was significantly different in terms of operation time ( WMD = − 37 , 95% CI: -45.25-28.74, P < 0.00001 ), intraoperative blood loss ( WMD = − 91.88 , 95% CI: -108.57-75.19, P < 0.00001 ), postoperative drainage volume ( WMD = 80.55 , 95% CI: -140.56-301.66, P = 0.48 ), time to ground ( WMD = − 0.68 , 95% CI: -1.37-0.0, P = 0.05 ), Harris score ( WMD = − 0.04 , 95% CI: -0.91-0.82, P = 0.92 ), lower limb length difference ( WMD = 0.21 , 95% CI: -0.22-0.64, P = 0.33 ), WOMAC score ( WMD = − 1.24 , 95% CI: -4.89-2.41, P = 0.51 ), postoperative complications ( RD = − 0.02 , 95% CI: -0.06-0.02, P = 0.44 ), Trendelenburg sign ( RD = − 0.02 , 95% CI: -0.02-0.05, P = 0.31 ), limb lengthening ( WMD = 0.85 , 95% CI: 0.61-1.09, P < 0.00001 ), prosthesis wear ( WMD = 0.01 , 95% CI: 0-0.02, P = 0.17 ), and prosthesis loosening ( RD = 0.01 , 95% CI: -0.02-0.04, P = 0.45 ). Conclusions. The high hip center technique can reduce operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and downtime. The anatomical center technique is superior to the high hip center technique in terms of limb lengthening. Compared with acetabular anatomical reconstruction, there was no significant difference in postoperative drainage, lower limb length difference, postoperative complications, Trendelenburg sign, and prosthesis survival or wear. For DDH patients who are not severely shortened in the lower limbs and have severe acetabular bone defects, joint surgeons can choose to reconstruct the acetabulum in the upper part to simplify the operation, reduce the trauma of the patient, and accelerate the recovery of the patient, and they can choose to adjust the length of the neck and the angle of the neck shaft to maintain the moment arm of the abductor muscle. A ceramic interface or a highly cross-linked polyethylene interface minimizes the effect of hip response forces. To further evaluate the efficacy of the anatomical center technique and the high hip center technique in the treatment of adult developmental dysplasia of the hip, more large-sample, high-quality, long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials are still needed for verification.
Objectives:To assess the effects of a technique of cup blocking screws combined with impaction bone grafting during total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).Methods:From August 2011 to July 2015, 53 patients (59 hips) with DDH in our hospital were treated with THA using the technique of cup blocking screws combined with impaction particulate bone grafting. These patients were prospectively followed, and the clinical and imaging results were collected.Results:Harris hip score (HHS) was raised from 41.24 before surgery to 91.49 at the latest follow-up (p<0.001). Length discrepancy (LLD) was reduced from 28.97 mm before surgery to 6.08 mm after surgery (p<0.001). No loosening of the cup was detected at the last follow-up. The differences were insignificant in cup inclination and rate of cup coverage among the 3 groups of Crowe type II, type III, and type IV DDH (p>0.05).Conclusion:The technique of cup blocking screws combined with impaction particulate bone grafting is simple and reliable, and it not only simplifies the attainment of initial stability, but also strengthens the mid-term to long-term stability during THA in DDH.
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