CEN methodology for oil spill identification

Kienhuis, Paul G.M.; Hansen, Asger B.; Faksness, Liv-Guri; Stout, Scott A.; Dahlmann, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803832-1.00014-3

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Chromatographic and high-resolution MS analyses additionally eliminate some fresh and weathered petroleum products, such as synthetic motor oils and biodiesel blends (e.g., Peacock et al, 2010), or even complex mixtures of synthetic chemicals such as toxaphene and PCBs. Moreover, the broad range of boiling points also excludes distillate sources with a “narrow” elution window, including products solely composed of gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, biodiesel, petroleum-based lubricating and hydraulic oils, low- and high-viscosity gas oils, vacuum oil, petroleum asphalt, and so forth. ,,, Both GC and FT-ICR MS indicate compounds/trends unlikely to be found in crude oil and produced at a refinery. Last, FT-ICR MS analyses reveal a component consistent with the residuum of atmospheric distillation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of Analytical Approaches Enables a Robust Assessment of the Brazil Mystery Oil Spill

et al. 2022

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viscous oil residues appeared along the Brazilian coast spanning 11 states and more than 3,000 km of tropical shoreline. Forensic results published to date indicate that the majority of oil samples collected share a common origin, yet the exact source of the mystery oil has yet to be conclusively determined. The proposed sources include illegal discharges from vessels traversing near, within, or downstream of Brazilian waters, leaking offshore platforms, natural seeps, and historic shipwrecks. To constrain the potential sources of oil and provide additional insights into the composition of the oil, we analyzed samples collected from the Cearástate coastal zone in 2019 with a broad suite of geochemical tools and approaches. These approaches included bulk elemental analyses and state-ofthe-art analytical platforms including comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC), gas chromatography with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Based on bulk and molecular features, field samples collected from northeast Brazil share the same source as other 2019 mystery oil samples collected over ∼2400 km to the south. A shared source across the Brazilian coast points to an input location east of Brazil within the southern branch of the South Equatorial Current, allowing transport both north and south of the bifurcation. The relative abundance and composition of diagnostic markers were consistent with the published analyses of Venezuelan petroleum. The composition of the field samples is consistent with the blending of, at least, two different petroleum products, a common practice to produce an "on spec" product such as a fuel oil used to power an underway vessel. The two components appear to be the residuum from atmospheric distillation and a thermally altered, aromatics-rich, nondistilled material. To the best of our knowledge, no samples from potential sources are available for a direct comparison to field samples. Hence, these results play a supporting role in determining the source, and benefit efforts to understand short-and long-term weathering and recovery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of Analytical Approaches Enables a Robust Assessment of the Brazil Mystery Oil Spill

et al. 2022

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“…In the present work, the diagnostic ratios chosen were related to the main biomarkers associated with thermal evolution, depositional environment, and biodegradation. 8,9 According to the CEN methodology, 14 it is possible to evaluate the difference between two oil spill samples based on their diagnostic ratio values through standard deviation calculation. In this calculation, critical differences (CDs) below 14% are considered a "match", while values above 14% are classified as "non-match".…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnostic ratios of biomarkers in crude oil are widely used in geochemical studies to determine parameters related to oil formation, allowing for the correlation between different known samples. In the present work, the diagnostic ratios chosen were related to the main biomarkers associated with thermal evolution, depositional environment, and biodegradation. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To perform the separation and identification of petroleum hydrocarbons, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is an efficient tool that can be utilized in various acquisition modes, including full scan (SCAN) and selective ion monitoring (SIM). , The oil spill identification methodology recommended by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) involves conducting investigations at various levels, utilizing GC methods, and analyzing individual steps and fingerprints. This approach aims to compare the chromatograms and calculate the diagnostic ratios of biomarkers to facilitate a forensic investigation . In addition to the analytical GC–MS technique, Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT–MS) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) has been used to identify polar compounds at a molecular level in the spilled oils of 2019 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical Assessment of Tar Balls That Arrived in 2022 along the Northeast Coast of Brazil and Their Relationship with the 2019 Oil Spill Disaster

Pereira,

Santos,

Lima

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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In August 2019, Brazil experienced the country’s greatest environmental disaster involving an oil spill appearing on the beaches. After 3 years, high volumes of tar balls appeared, raising questions regarding their possible relationship with the oil spill of 2019. Herein, an organic geochemistry investigation was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and electrospray ionization coupled with Fourier transform mass spectrometry (ESI FT–MS), with the aim of characterizing the chemical components of spilled oils collected in 2019 and comparing them to tar balls from 2022. The contents of n-alkanes, isoprenoids, alkyl cyclohexanes, steranes, terpanes, and phenanthrenes/anthracenes, together with biomarker ratios, suggested that the tar balls originated from a virgin/unprocessed oil with the profile of paraffinic deposits in oil storage tanks, unlike the oils from 2019, which had the characteristics of a processed oil. An interesting difference in polar compound distribution was identified by ESI FT–MS analysis, with lower molecular weight polar components found in the samples from 2022.

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“…6 Biomarker diagnostic ratio analysis offers a much more sophisticated analysis that is considered the international gold standard. 5,7,8 Due to the internationally recognized ISO certication based on CEN procedures, concerned parties can be assured of the reliability and comparability of the data coming from the labs using the accredited methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method development for forensic oil identification by direct analysis in real time time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Tikkisetty,

Filewood,

Yan

et al. 2023

Anal. Methods

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CEN methodology for oil spill identification

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Synergy of Analytical Approaches Enables a Robust Assessment of the Brazil Mystery Oil Spill

Synergy of Analytical Approaches Enables a Robust Assessment of the Brazil Mystery Oil Spill

Geochemical Assessment of Tar Balls That Arrived in 2022 along the Northeast Coast of Brazil and Their Relationship with the 2019 Oil Spill Disaster

Method development for forensic oil identification by direct analysis in real time time-of-flight mass spectrometry

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