Cenozoic geodynamics of the Ross Sea region, Antarctica: Crustal extension, intraplate strike‐slip faulting, and tectonic inheritance

Salvini, Francesco; Brancolini, Giuliano; Busetti, Martina; Storti, Fabrizio; Mazzarini, Francesco; Coren, F.

doi:10.1029/97jb01643

Cited by 177 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Positive and negative flower structures related to strike-slip faulting have been previously interpreted at several locations within the study area (Salvini et al 1997). Based on the improved seismic data set used in this study, many of the previously defined flower structures are better interpreted as grabens or have poorly-defined geometry because they occur in areas of poor data quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Terror Rift was mapped by Cooper et al (1987) as a sinuous rift defined by graben-horst structures and by Salvini et al (1997) as a transtensional basin linked with strike-slip faults crossing northern Victoria Land. These previous interpretations of the Terror Rift did not have seismic lines with sufficient spatial density to fully define the rift architecture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tectonic models derived from global plate reconstructions and other data predict relative motion between East and West Antarctica (e.g., Cande et al, 2000) in the Cenozoic. Previous studies (Cooper et al, 1987, Salvini et al, 1997 identify the Terror Rift in the western Ross Sea as the zone of most recent deformation within the West Antarctic rift system (WARS), yet the magnitude, timing, or kinematics within the Terror Rift remain poorly constrained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure of the central Terror Rift, western Ross Sea, Antarctica

Hall¹,

Wilson²,

Henrys³

2007

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The Terror Rift is a zone of post-middle Miocene faulting and volcanism along the western margin of the West Antarctic Rift System. A new seismic data set from NSF geophysical cruise NBP04-01, integrated with the previous dataset to provide higher spatial resolution, has been interpreted in this study in order to improve understanding of the architecture and history of the Terror Rift. The Terror Rift contains two components, a structurally-controlled rollover anticlinal arch intruded by younger volcanic bodies and an associated synclinal basin. Offsets and trend changes in fault patterns have been identified, coincident with shifts in the location of depocenters that define rift sub-basins, indicating that the Terror Rift is segmented by transverse structures. Multiple phases of faulting all post-date 17 Ma, including faults cutting the seafloor surface, indicating Neogene rifting and possible modern activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure of the central Terror Rift, western Ross Sea, Antarctica

Hall¹,

Wilson²,

Henrys³

2007

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“…However, part of Adare extension, could be transferred east of Northern Basin, and to southern CT (e.g. Salvini, et al, 1997). Continuity of magmatic intrusions from Adare spreading center to Northern Basin could both co-exist with, and postdate, transfer of extension to CT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional seismic stratigraphic correlations of the Ross Sea: Implications for the tectonic history of the West Antarctic Rift System

Decesari¹,

Sorlien²,

Luyendyk³

et al. 2007

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Using existing and new seismic reflection data, new and updated correlations of late Oligocene-early Miocene RSS-2 strata were made between the southern parts of Ross Sea basins. Previous studies documented Cretaceous extension across much of Ross Sea. We interpret that Cenozoic extension also occurred across Ross Sea. Subsidence during and following this extension deepened existing basins and may have initiated basins in the west, subsiding ridges between basins below sea level during the late Oligocene. Pre-Oligocene strata record cessation of L. Cretaceous extension in easternmost Ross Sea. Successively younger Cenozoic extension occurred from east to west across the rest of Ross Sea.

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“…The Jurassic setting has been modified by the activity of the West Antarctic rift system (Rocchi et al 2002). Cretaceous extension was followed by Cenozoic large-scale strike-slip faulting, coupled with EoceneOligocene intrusion of alkaline plutons and dykes and construction of volcanic edifices and volcanic fields all along the Ross Sea coast of Victoria Land since the Miocene (Salvini et al 1997;Rocchi et al 2002).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tuff cone erupted under frozen-bed ice (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica): linking glaciovolcanic and cosmogenic nuclide data for ice sheet reconstructions

et al. 2017

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The remains of a small volcanic centre are preserved on a thin bedrock ridge at Harrow Peaks, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The outcrop is interpreted as a monogenetic tuff cone relict formed by a hydrovolcanic (phreatomagmatic) eruption of mafic magma at 642 ± 20 ka (by 40 Ar-39 Ar), corresponding to the peak of the Marine Isotope Stage 16 (MIS16) glacial. Although extensively dissected and strewn with glacial erratics, the outcrop shows no evidence for erosion by ice. From interpretation of the lithofacies and eruptive mechanisms, the weight of the evidence suggests that eruptions took place under a cold-based (frozen-bed) ice sheet. This is the first time that a tuff cone erupted under cold ice has been described. The most distinctive feature of the lithofacies is the dominance of massive lapilli tuff rich in fine ash matrix and abraded lapilli. The lack of stratification is probably due to repeated eruption through a conduit blasted through the ice covering the vent. The ice thickness is uncertain but it might have been as little as 100 m and the preserved tephra accumulated mainly as a crater (or ice conduit) infill. The remainder of the tuff cone edifice was probably deposited supraglacially and underwent destruction by ice advection and, particularly, collapse during a younger interglacial. Dating using 10 Be cosmogenic exposure of granitoid basement erratics indicates that the erratics are unrelated to the eruptive period. The 10 Be ages suggest that the volcanic outcrop was most recently exposed by ice decay at c. 20.8 ± 0.8 ka (MIS2) and the associated ice was thicker than at 642 ka and probably polythermal rather than cold-based, which is normally assumed for the period.

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Cenozoic geodynamics of the Ross Sea region, Antarctica: Crustal extension, intraplate strike‐slip faulting, and tectonic inheritance

Abstract: Abstract. An integrated study of onshore and offshore geology of the Ross Sea region (

Cited by 177 publications

References 52 publications

Structure of the central Terror Rift, western Ross Sea, Antarctica

Structure of the central Terror Rift, western Ross Sea, Antarctica

Regional seismic stratigraphic correlations of the Ross Sea: Implications for the tectonic history of the West Antarctic Rift System

A tuff cone erupted under frozen-bed ice (northern Victoria Land, Antarctica): linking glaciovolcanic and cosmogenic nuclide data for ice sheet reconstructions

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