“…They are mainly used to treat memory decline in the elderly ( Howes et al, 2017 ; Yang et al, 2017 ; Ong et al, 2018 ). In the perspective of modern medicine, TCM extracts and their active ingredients have been proved to exhibit anti-AD effects through improving acetylcholine level and decreasing acetyl cholinesterase activity ( Wang et al, 2018 ), suppressing abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein ( Ma et al, 2015 ), inhibiting neuronal apoptosis ( Ji et al, 2020 ), anti-oxidation ( Xu et al, 2017 ), anti-inflammation ( Liu et al, 2014 ), and inhibiting Aβ deposition ( Chiroma et al, 2019 ) in different studies. Because the toxic aggregation of Aβ may occur in the early stages of AD and induce further apoptosis, inflammation, and neurodegeneration, inhibiting the generation or aggregation of Aβ has been regarded as the preferred therapeutic approach for AD ( Takahashi and Mihara, 2008 ; Liu et al, 2017 ; Xiong et al, 2017 ).…”