Centennial- to millennial-scale climate oscillations in the Central-Eastern Mediterranean Sea between 20,000 and 70,000 years ago: evidence from a high-resolution geochemical and micropaleontological record

Sprovieri, Mario; Stefano, Enrico Di; Incarbona, Alessandro; Manta, Daniela Salvagio; Pelosi, Nicola; d’Alcalà, Maurizio Ribera; Sprovieri, Rodolfo

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.005

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Calcareous nannofossil analysis was carried out on 1121 samples [13][14][15][16][37][38][39] by observation with a polarized microscope at about 1250 X magnification. Rippled smear slides were prepared following the standard procedure [40].…”

Section: Coccolithophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 2188 samples [13,14,16,38,39] were dried and washed on a 63 m sieve for planktonic foraminifera analysis. The relative abundance of each species was obtained from splits of about 300 specimens, in the residue greater than 125 m. Taxonomic concepts follow Bolli et al [45] and Hemleben et al [46].…”

Section: Planktonic Foraminiferamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This area is nowadays very sensitive to modifications in the Mediterranean thermohaline circulation [11,12] and, for many reasons, suitable for paleoceanographic research: the very high-sedimentation rate of Site 963, specifically between 18.0 and 50.0 cm/kyr over the last 130 kyr [13][14][15][16]; the flow of Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) at the sea floor, a key water mass for understanding Mediterranean oceanographic dynamics; the middle-latitude location, suitable to provide information on the interaction among different climatic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten Years of Paleoceanographic Studies at ODP Site 963 (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Stefano

Incarbona

Sprovieri³

et al. 2014

TOPALOJ

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Abstract:The geographical location, the shape and the circulation pattern makes the Mediterranean Sea an ideal laboratory to study the interplay between different climatic systems, abrupt climate changes and the response of marine ecosystems. The Ocean Drilling Program Site 963 was drilled in the Northwestern part of the Sicily Channel, the sill that divides the western from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Numerous papers have been published on Site 963 sediments in the last decade, investigating Mediterranean paleoceanographic themes. Here we offer a synthetic framework of these investigations carried out by sub-centennial resolution. We present the whole sequence of suborbital climatic oscillations over the last 130 kyr, that is since the last interglacial period, and we claim that teleconnection with Greenland and North Atlantic regions is the most likely phenomenon to explain our results. Furthermore we show the high sensitivity of marine planktonic (planktonic foraminifera and coccolithophores) ecosystems to Stadial/Interstadial fluctuations. We conclude that a three-steps scenario may describe productivity variations during each high-frequency oscillation, from Interstadial 24 to the last deglaciation (from 110 to 15 kiloyears ago): surface oligotrophy and a deep nutricline in the lower part of Interstadials; increased productivity, through a deep chlorophyll maximum and winter/spring coccolithophore blooms, during the upper part of Interstadials; a shallow nutricline during Stadials and possibly reduced productivity levels with respect to the upper Interstadial phase. Results from Site 963 investigations provide key information for very highresolution paleoceanographic research in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Section: Coccolithophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Planktonic Foraminiferamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ten Years of Paleoceanographic Studies at ODP Site 963 (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Stefano

Incarbona

Sprovieri³

et al. 2014

TOPALOJ

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“…4), in comparison with its rarity (b5%) in the central/eastern Mediterranean during the late Quaternary (e.g. Thunell, 1978;Rohling and Gieskes, 1989;Rohling et al, 1993;Hayes et al, 1999;Sprovieri et al, 2003;Hayes et al, 2005;Triantaphyllou et al, 2009;Siani et al, 2010;Sprovieri et al, 2012). This situation is well illustrated by the long-range study of ODP Site 964, drilled in the Ionian Sea (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005); depth (mbsf) of MISs at core LC10, recognized on the basis of magnetic susceptibility data (Dinarès-Turell et al, 2003); sedimentation rates (cm/kyr) calculated on the basis of linear interpolation between the adopted tie-points and the subsequent sampling resolution (years).…”

Section: The Distribution Of N Pachyderma Sxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paleoclimatic curve presented here is the algebraic sum of warm-water species percentages (G. ruber, Hastigerina siphonifera, G. sacculifer, Globoturborotalita rubescens and Globoturborotalita tenella) expressed as positive values and cold-water species percentages (Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, G. bulloides, Turborotalita quinqueloba, Globorotalia scitula and Globigerinita glutinata) expressed as negative values (Corselli et al, 2002;Sprovieri et al, 2006;Incarbona et al, 2010). In fact, among others, G. ruber ecological preference for warm and oligotrophic surface waters has been established in numerous oceanographic settings (Hemleben et al, 1989;Pujol and Vergnaud-Grazzini, 1995;Žarić et al, 2005) and paleoceanographic reconstructions (Sprovieri et al, 2003(Sprovieri et al, , 2006(Sprovieri et al, , 2012; T. quinqueloba thrives in cold and nutrient-rich surface waters (Hemleben et al, 1989;Pujol and Vergnaud-Grazzini, 1995;Žarić et al, 2005); N. pachyderma dx lives in cold waters of middle-high latitude and is a proxy for deep chlorophyll maximum levels (e.g. Rohling and Gieskes, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital variations in planktonic foraminifera assemblages from the Ionian Sea during the Middle Pleistocene Transition

Incarbona

Dinarès-Turell

Stefano

et al. 2013

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Middle Pleistocene Transition (1.2-0.7 Ma) is the most recent re-organization of the global climate system which includes variations in the frequency and amplitude of glacial/interglacial cycles, increased ice sheet volume, sea surface temperature cooling and a significant drop in the CO 2 atmospheric levels. Here we present high-resolution planktonic foraminifera data (mean sampling resolution of about 780 years) from core LC10 recovered in the Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean), between 1.2 and 0.9 Ma. Selected taxa, among them G. ruber, T. quinqueloba and G. bulloides, show significant periodicities that can be associated to orbital cycles, mainly precession and obliquity. The planktonic foraminifera based paleoclimatic curve exhibits a cooling linear trend that can be associated to similar phenomena observed in the North Atlantic. On the other hand, we refer to the influence of the North African Monsoon the occurrence of two peaks of the low-salinity tolerant species G. quadrilobatus that fall in coincidence of sapropel layers. Finally, we discuss the distribution pattern of N. pachyderma sinistral coiling, with peaks up to about 20% between MIS 30 and 28, and compare it to middle-late Quaternary records of the Sicily Channel and western Mediterranean.

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Deciphering bottom current velocity and paleoclimate signals from contourite deposits in the Gulf of Cádiz during the last 140 kyr: An inorganic geochemical approach

Bahr

Jiménez-Espejo

Kolasinac

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

109

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Contourites in the Gulf of C adiz (GC) preserve a unique archive of Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) variability over the past 5.3 Ma. In our study, we investigate the potential of geochemical data obtained by XRF scanning to decipher bottom current processes and paleoclimatic evolution at two different sites drilled during IODP Expedition 339 through contourites in the northern GC: Site U1387, which is bathed by the upper MOW core, and Site U1389, located more proximal to the Strait of Gibraltar. The lack of major downslope transport during the Pleistocene makes both locations ideally suited for our study. The results indicate that the Zr/Al ratio, representing the relative enrichment of heavy minerals (zircon) over less dense alumnosilicates under fast bottom current flow, is the most useful indicator for a semiquantitative assessment of current velocity. Although most elements are biased by current-related processes, the bromine (Br) record, representing organic content, preserves the most pristine climate signal rather independent of grain-size changes. Hence, Br can be used for chronostratigraphy and site-to-site correlation in addition to stable isotope stratigraphy. Based on these findings, we reconstructed MOW variability for Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1-5 using the Zr/Al ratio from Site U1387. The results reveal abrupt, millennialscale variations of MOW strength during Greenland Stadials (GS) and Interstadials (GI) with strong MOW during GS and glacial Terminations and a complex behavior during Heinrich Stadials. Millennial-scale variability persisting during periods of poorly expressed GS/GI cyclicities implies a strong internal oscillation of the Mediterranean/North Atlantic climate system.

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Centennial- to millennial-scale climate oscillations in the Central-Eastern Mediterranean Sea between 20,000 and 70,000 years ago: evidence from a high-resolution geochemical and micropaleontological record

Cited by 54 publications

References 88 publications

Ten Years of Paleoceanographic Studies at ODP Site 963 (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Ten Years of Paleoceanographic Studies at ODP Site 963 (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Orbital variations in planktonic foraminifera assemblages from the Ionian Sea during the Middle Pleistocene Transition

Deciphering bottom current velocity and paleoclimate signals from contourite deposits in the Gulf of Cádiz during the last 140 kyr: An inorganic geochemical approach

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