Center-similarity spectral-spatial attention network for hyperspectral image classification

Abstract

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification aims to assign labels to pixels to be classified. The high-dimensional form of HSI and the introduction of spatial information can introduce challenges such as redundant spectral bands and interference pixels. Recently, many methods based on convolutional neural networks and attention mechanisms have been employed to address these issues. However, existing methods often fail to adequately utilize spatial information and exhibit interference pixel diffusion, which may result in these methods being unable to extract discriminative features. In addition, convolutions are not capable of extracting robust features, which results in the poor robustness of recent methods when HSI is rotated. To address these challenges, a center-similarity spectral-spatial attention network model (CS 3 AN) is proposed. First, a center-similarity spectral attention (CSSpeA) module is proposed to exploit the input spatial information rationally to better reduce the impact of redundant bands. Next, a center-similarity rectified spatial attention (CSRSpaA) module that selectively weighs neighboring pixels based on interference pixels to prevent the diffusion phenomenon is provided. Second, a similarity spatial aggregation module is employed to extract robust spectral-spatial features. Finally, the robust features are input into the softmax to get the label. The validity of the CS 3 AN is validated on three different databases.

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“…Then, the calculated result is passed through a convolutional layer and a sigmoid function to calculate the spatial weight coefficients. Finally, the spatial weight coefficients are multiplied with the feature map F k2 to generate the feature map A k2 with embedded spatial attention mechanism [35].…”