Centimeter‐scale growth of two‐dimensional layered high‐mobility bismuth films by pulsed laser deposition

Abstract

Ever since discovery of graphene, two‐dimensional (2D) materials become a new tool box for information technology. Among the 2D family, ultrathin bismuth (Bi) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its unique topological insulating properties and large magnetoresistance. However, the scalable synthesis of layered Bi ultrathin films is rarely been reported, which would greatly restrict further fundamental investigation and practical device development. Here, we demonstrate the direct growth of homogeneous and centimeter‐scale layered Bi films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The as‐grown Bi film exhibits high‐purity phase and good crystallinity. In addition, both (111) and (110)‐oriented Bi films can be synthesized by precisely controlling the processing temperature. The characterization of optical properties shows a thickness dependent band gaps (0.075‐0.2 eV). Moreover, Bi thin‐film‐based field‐effect transistors have been demonstrated, exhibiting a large carrier mobility of 220 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our work suggests that the PLD‐grown Bi films would hold the potential to develop spintronic applications, electronic and optoelectronic devices used for information science and technology.

2D V‐V Binary Materials: Status and Challenges

“…In early 2019, bismuthene FETs have been successfully fabricated, exhibiting a carrier mobility of 220 cm 2 V −1 s −1 but low switching ratio (<10). The low switching ratio can be explained by the semi‐metal feature of bismuthene or the screening effect of the gate electric field …”

Efficient Energy Conversion and Storage Based on Robust Fluoride‐Free Self‐Assembled 1D Niobium Carbide in 3D Nanowire Network

“…2D materials have drawn tremendous attention and extensive investigations for emerging applications in energy, electronics, and optoelectronics have been conducted. [ 1,2 ] In particular, 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are considered as emerging energy materials. Enjoying their endowments in the high hydrophilic surface, porosity, and conductivity, MXenes possess widespread applications in battery, electrocatalyst, supercapacitor, and biochemistry.…”

Novel two-dimensional monoelemental and ternary materials: growth, physics and application

“…Ultrathin 2D bismuth has also been fabricated on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and insulating SiC (0001) to investigate their unique 2D TI properties and QSH [105,117]. Very recently, Yang et al demonstrated the direct growth of homogeneous and centimeter-scale layered Bi films with high-purity phase and good crystallinity by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique [128]. Both Bi (111) and Bi (110) films can be readily obtained by controlling the processing temperature, showing thickness-dependent bandgaps ranging from 0.075 to 0.2 eV.…”