Central and Peripheral Precuing of Forced-Choice Discrimination

Cheal, MaryLou; Lyon, Don R.

doi:10.1037/e530142006-001

Cited by 145 publications

(265 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, this transient attentional component was independent of observer's prior knowledge and was not subject to voluntary control. The results of studies like these (see also Cheal & Lyon, 1991;Mu Èller & Rabbitt, 1989) suggest that bottom-up activation as a consequence of a peripheral cue is transient and dissipates within a few hundred milliseconds (Kim & Cave, 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early stimulus-driven activation is believed to rapidly decline as a function of time. Indeed, several studies have shown that stimulus-driven, bottom-up activation decays over time (Cheal & Lyon, 1991;Nakayama & Mackeben, 1989;Nothdurft, 2002;Yantis & Jonides, 1990). For example, Nakayama and Mackeben (1989) showed that perception of an odd target in a conjunctive display was improved by transient cueing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the idea of passive decay of bottom-up activation (Cheal & Lyon, 1991;Nakayama & Mackeben, 1989;Nothdurft, 2002;Yantis & Jonides, 1990) and the idea of active inhibition of saliency signals (e.g., Godijn & Theeuwes, 2004;) may explain why stimulus-driven bottom-up activation declines as a function of time. The results of the current study are not conclusive as to whether the decrease in stimulus-driven activation was due mainly because of passive decay of stimulus-driven activation or because of active inhibition of detected saliency signals, or was due to both mechanisms acting collectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central cueing studies show it takes time for voluntary attention develop at a certain location (e.g., Cheal & Lyon, 1991;Mu Èller & Rabbitt, 1989;Nakayama & Mackeben, 1989). For example, in a study by Mu Èller and Rabbit (1989), observers had to indicate the orientation of a T presented in one of four peripherally presented boxes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of salience on saccadic target selection

Zoest

Donk

2005

Visual Cognition

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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of saliency on saccadic target selection as a function of time. Participants were required to make a speeded saccade towards a target defined by a unique orientation presented concurrently with multiple nontargets and one distractor. Target and distractor were equally salient within the orientation dimension but varied in saliency in the colour dimension. Within the colour dimension, the target presented could be more, equally, or less salient than the distractor. The results showed that saliency played a large role early during processing while no effects of saliency were found in later processing. Results are discussed in terms of models on visual selection.Imagine yourself in the library looking for a specific book. You know the name of the author and the title, but you have no idea what the book looks like. Assume that on an average day, it takes you about 5 minutes, measured from the point in time you walk into the library, to find an average shaped and coloured book by title and author. It might take you only 1 minute when the book you are looking for happens to be bright red and very large. Many people believe that if a stimulus is sufficiently salient, it will pop out of a visual scene. In turn, they assume that search performance is better when the salient stimulus is the target of search, as compared to when a nonsalient item is the target of search.Most researchers in the area of visual selective attention assume that covert (attentional) selection and overt (oculomotor) selection are at least partly determined by stimulus salience, or more generally speaking by the stimulus properties in the visual field (Cave & Wolfe, 1990;Itti & Koch, 2000;Koch & Ullman, 1985; Theeuwes, 1991Theeuwes, , 1992Theeuwes, , 1994Wolfe, 1994;Wolfe, Cave, & Franzel, 1989). To incorporate this idea, recent models of visual selection have proposed that visual selection is determined by the output provided by some common salience map. Within a salience map, the location with the highest activation level corresponds to the most salient location at that point in time and

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of salience on saccadic target selection

Zoest

Donk

2005

Visual Cognition

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“…A number of findings are consistent with the view that, in this paradigm, peripheral cues capture attention in a rapid, reflexive, and automatic way. Following a peripheral cue, cued locations enjoy a processing advantage over uncued locations even when the delay between cue and target onset is very brief (Cheal & Lyon, 1991;Muller & Rabbitt, 1989), even when the cue is uninformative with respect to target location (Posner & Cohen, 1984), and even when participants are instructed to ignore the cue (Jonides, 1981).…”

Section: Previous Evidence On Attentional Capture By Isoluminant Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Do isoluminant color changes capture attention?

Lambert

Wells

Kean

2003

Perception & Psychophysics

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Four experiments are reported in which the effects of peripheral cues on visual orienting were investigated.In the luminance condition, the cues consisted of a peripheral change in stimulus luminance. In the isoluminance condition, the cues consisted of an isoluminant color change, using the transient tritanopic technique. In Experiments 1 and 2, it was found that peripheral luminance cues captured attention, whereas peripheral isoluminance cues did not. In Experiments 3 and 4, the participants detected a peripheral target that was also isoluminant with the background. Under these conditions, it was found that both luminance and isoluminance cues captured attention. The results are discussed in terms of the roles of the dorsal and ventral streams in visual orienting, and it is concluded that our findings provide partial support for the contingent involuntary orienting hypothesis of C. Folk and colleagues.

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Adults with dyslexia demonstrate attentional orienting deficits

Buchholz

Davies

2007

Dyslexia

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Alerting, orienting and executive control of attention are investigated in five adult cases of dyslexia. In comparison with a control group, alerting and executive control were found to be generally intact for each case. Two spatial cueing tasks were employed. For the task requiring target detection, orienting difficulties were evident only in peripheral locations. While orienting attention to parafoveal stimuli was intact for this detection task, it was found to be impaired for the discrimination task. These results are discussed with respect to the methodological differences of the two tasks. It is suggested that the observed orienting deficit may be specific to adjusting the size of attentional focus in individuals with dyslexia, and that this could contribute to the reading difficulties observed.

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Central and Peripheral Precuing of Forced-Choice Discrimination

Cited by 145 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of salience on saccadic target selection

The effects of salience on saccadic target selection

Do isoluminant color changes capture attention?

Adults with dyslexia demonstrate attentional orienting deficits

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