Central and regional hemodynamics in prolonged space flights

Gazenko, O. G.; Shul'zhenko, E. B.; Turchaninova, V F; Egorov, A.D.

doi:10.1016/0094-5765(88)90019-7

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, there is no definitive evidence to conclude that end diastolic pressure is significantly changed in microgravity, especially since stroke volumes, heart rates and cardiac output appear to be near normal. 7,8,9,10,11 Beyond the influence that a change in heart shape might have on myocardial tissue volume, there may also be a direct and independent impact on global cardiac function. There is evidence suggesting that the shape of the heart is important in determining the efficiency of the twisting motion of the ventricles, particularly as it relates to their diastolic function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Commonly measured hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output appear to be clinically near normal during spaceflight so it has been difficult to determine a driving force for the observed degree of cardiac atrophy. 7,8,9,10,11 A recent study demonstrated a linear relationship between the sphericity in the geometry of the left ventricular chamber as measured by echocardiography and the amount of gravitational forces in the environment. 12 It appears that the ventricles can be considered as fluid filled malleable vessels that are susceptible to the usual influences of environmental physical forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Influence Of Microgravity On Left Ventricular Sphericity: A Finite Element Model Of The Heart

Summers

Smith

Gilbrech

et al. 2012

42nd International Conference on Environmental Systems

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There is concern regarding the effects of microgravity exposure on cardiac function and loss of ventricular mass in astronauts. By Laplace's law, the geometry of the ventricle is important in determining segmental wall stress and can induce alterations in myocardial mass. If microgravity exposure results in a variation in the ventricular radius of curvature, then we might also expect some cardiac remodeling during extended spaceflights. This study analyzes the theoretical impact of microgravity on changes in the geometric conformation of a finite element mesh model (FEM) created from the 3-dimensional geometry of the human left ventricle (LV) and attributed with material properties consistent with myocardial tissue. The Geometric Aspect Ratios (GAR, length to width quotient) of the LV were calculated and compared during simulations of the upright anatomic diastolic position in Earth's gravity and in microgravity. The theoretical application of microgravity to the FEM model of the heart resulted in a 3.65% lower GAR of the LV as compared to that calculated for Earth's gravity. This finding suggests that microgravity exposure could potentially result in changes in ventricular sphericity and radius of curvature and thereby alter the segmental myocardial wall stress. Nomenclature FEM= finite element mesh model LV = left ventricle GAR = Geometric Aspect Ratio, length to width quotient

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence Of Microgravity On Left Ventricular Sphericity: A Finite Element Model Of The Heart

Summers

Smith

Gilbrech

et al. 2012

42nd International Conference on Environmental Systems

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“…Fritsch-Yelle et al [7] reported that diastolic pressure and heart rate significantly decreased and that systolic pressure tended to fall during spaceflight in humans. Gazenko et al [8] also observed the decrease in diastolic pressure in humans during spaceflight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Central venous pressure (CVP) [3, 4], cardiac output (CO) [5, 6], and arterial pressure (AP) [7, 8] have been reported to instantaneously increase after exposure to μ G and then decrease in the process of adapting to μ G environment during spaceflight in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceflight Affects Postnatal Development of the Aortic Wall in Rats

Katsuda

Yamasaki

Waki

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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We investigated effect of microgravity environment during spaceflight on postnatal development of the rheological properties of the aorta in rats. The neonate rats were randomly divided at 7 days of age into the spaceflight, asynchronous ground control, and vivarium control groups (8 pups for one dam). The spaceflight group rats at 9 days of age were exposed to microgravity environment for 16 days. A longitudinal wall strip of the proximal descending thoracic aorta was subjected to stress-strain and stress-relaxation tests. Wall tensile force was significantly smaller in the spaceflight group than in the two control groups, whereas there were no significant differences in wall stress or incremental elastic modulus at each strain among the three groups. Wall thickness and number of smooth muscle fibers were significantly smaller in the spaceflight group than in the two control groups, but there were no significant differences in amounts of either the elastin or collagen fibers among the three groups. The decreased thickness was mainly caused by the decreased number of smooth muscle cells. Plastic deformation was observed only in the spaceflight group in the stress-strain test. A microgravity environment during spaceflight could affect postnatal development of the morphological and rheological properties of the aorta.

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“…In the Russian space program, LBNP is delivered during space flights with a device called the Chibis, a set of corrugated pneumatic trousers that can develop a negative pressure of 1.0 psi (50 mmHg) [2,12,84,344,345]. The Chibis loads the body in a different manner than the LBNP devices used on Skylab and the Space Shuttle [84].…”

Section: Gravity Suit Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disorders

Hamilton¹

2008

Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight

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Central and regional hemodynamics in prolonged space flights

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Influence Of Microgravity On Left Ventricular Sphericity: A Finite Element Model Of The Heart

Influence Of Microgravity On Left Ventricular Sphericity: A Finite Element Model Of The Heart

Spaceflight Affects Postnatal Development of the Aortic Wall in Rats

Cardiovascular Disorders

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