Central control of autonomic functions in health and disease

McDougall, Stuart J.; Münzberg, Heike; Derbenev, Andrei V.; Zsombok, Andrea

doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00440

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Walking involves taking a series of discrete steps, each of which requires a careful coordination of skeletal muscles (Ijspeert, 2008 ; Winter, 1984 ). Interoceptive states are frequently divided into discrete dichotomies including fed versus fasting (Kalsbeek, la Fleur, & Fliers, 2014 ; McLaughlin & McKie, 2016 ; Roh, Song, & Kim, 2016 ), diastole versus systole, and sympathetic versus parasympathetic (McDougall, Münzberg, Derbenev, & Zsombok, 2014 ; Owens, Friston, Low, Mathias, & Critchley, 2018 ). Each of these induces continuous changes in enzyme activity, blood pressure, or smooth muscle contractions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Discrete and Continuous Brain: From Decisions to Movement—And Back Again

Parr

Friston

2018

Neural Computation

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To act upon the world, creatures must change continuous variables such as muscle length or chemical concentration. In contrast, decision making is an inherently discrete process, involving the selection among alternative courses of action. In this article, we consider the interface between the discrete and continuous processes that translate our decisions into movement in a Newtonian world—and how movement informs our decisions. We do so by appealing to active inference, with a special focus on the oculomotor system. Within this exemplar system, we argue that the superior colliculus is well placed to act as a discrete-continuous interface. Interestingly, when the neuronal computations within the superior colliculus are formulated in terms of active inference, we find that many aspects of its neuroanatomy emerge from the computations it must perform in this role.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Discrete and Continuous Brain: From Decisions to Movement—And Back Again

Parr

Friston

2018

Neural Computation

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“…However, the ACC has been associated with many processes (see http://neurosynth.org/analyses/terms/acc/) and, therefore, its role in modulating PNS function is unlikely to be specific [Yarkoni et al, ]. Subcortical brain regions are also implicated in modulating PNS function, and the amygdala and pallidum have both previously been associated with core parasympathetic tone, albeit for disparate autonomic functions including metabolism, reward, emotion and motor response [Allen et al, ; Critchley, ; Critchley and Harrison, ; Hawksley et al, ; Macefield, ; McDougall et al, ; Novac and Bota, ; Park and Thayer, ; Su et al, ; Tanaka et al, ]. We have demonstrated that the amygdala and pallidum differ in shape depending on an individual's resting CVT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of subcortical brain nuclei is associated with autonomic function in healthy humans

Ruffle

Coen

Giampietro

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a brain body interface which serves to maintain homeostasis by influencing a plethora of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiorespiratory regulation and nociception. Accumulating evidence suggests that ANS function is disturbed in numerous prevalent clinical disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. While the brain is a central hub for regulating autonomic function, the association between resting autonomic activity and subcortical morphology has not been comprehensively studied and thus was our aim. In 27 healthy subjects [14 male and 13 female; mean age 30 years (range 22-53 years)], we quantified resting ANS function using validated indices of cardiac sympathetic index (CSI) and parasympathetic cardiac vagal tone (CVT). High resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired, and differences in subcortical nuclei shape, that is, 'deformation', contingent on resting ANS activity were investigated. CSI positively correlated with outward deformation of the brainstem, right nucleus accumbens, right amygdala and bilateral pallidum (all thresholded to corrected P < 0.05). In contrast, parasympathetic CVT negatively correlated with inward deformation of the right amygdala and pallidum (all thresholded to corrected P < 0.05). Left and right putamen volume positively correlated with Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. CVT (r 5 0.62, P 5 0.0047 and r 5 0.59, P 5 0.008, respectively), as did the brainstem (r 5 0.46, P 5 0.049). These data provide novel evidence that resting autonomic state is associated with differences in the shape and volume of subcortical nuclei. Thus, subcortical morphological brain differences in various disorders may partly be attributable to perturbation in autonomic function. Further work is warranted to investigate these findings in clinical populations. Hum Brain Mapp 39:381-392, 2018.

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“…When cerebral arteries enter brain parenchyma there is a transition to intrinsic CNS innervation by structures in the locus coeruleus, raphe nucleus, basal forebrain, and thalamus ( Folino, 2007 ). It is notable that many of these structures share involvement in central nervous system control of the autonomic nervous system ( Benarroch, 1993 ; McDougall, Munzberg, Derbenev, & Zsombok, 2014 ; Taggart, Critchley, van Duijvendoden, & Lambiase, 2016 ; Takahashi, Hinson, & Baguley, 2015 ). This suggests that both surface and internal brain blood vessel innervation is controlled by a single system served by core CNS networks that are involved in ANS regulatory functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion and the autonomic nervous system: An introduction to the field and the results of a systematic review

Pertab

Merkley

Cramond³

et al. 2018

NRE

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BACKGROUND:Recent evidence suggests that autonomic nervous dysfunction may be one of many potential factors contributing to persisting post-concussion symptoms.OBJECTIVE:This is the first systematic review to explore the impact of concussion on multiple aspects of autonomic nervous system functioning.METHODS:The methods employed are in compliance with the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) and PRISMA standards. Embase, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Science Citation Index literature searches were performed using relevant indexing terms for articles published prior to the end of December 2016. Data extraction was performed by two independent groups, including study quality indicators to determine potential risk for bias according to the 4-tiered classification scheme of the AAN.RESULTS:Thirty-six articles qualified for inclusion in the analysis. Only three studies (one Class II and two Class IV) did not identify anomalies in measures of ANS functioning in concussed populations.CONCLUSIONS:The evidence supports the conclusion that it is likely that concussion causes autonomic nervous system anomalies. An awareness of this relationship increases our understanding of the physical impact of concussion, partially explains the overlap of concussion symptoms with other medical conditions, presents opportunities for further research, and has the potential to powerfully inform treatment decisions.

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Central control of autonomic functions in health and disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

The Discrete and Continuous Brain: From Decisions to Movement—And Back Again

The Discrete and Continuous Brain: From Decisions to Movement—And Back Again

Morphology of subcortical brain nuclei is associated with autonomic function in healthy humans

Concussion and the autonomic nervous system: An introduction to the field and the results of a systematic review

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