Central distribution of neuronal cell bodies innervating the levator veli palatini muscle and associated pattern of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in rat

Yasuda, Kouichi; Okuda, Daizo; Tanaka, Mikiko; Mori, Ryota; Hasumi-Nakayama, Yoko; Tanaka, Mizuho; Yamaoka, Minoru; Furusawa, Kiyofumi

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)04273-7

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast, we mainly found fast-twitch fibers in the rat soft palate. However, slow-twitch fibers were also found in the more lateral parts of the levator veli palatini muscle in rats [54]. In our study, Pax7-, MyoD-, and MyoG-positive cells were found at the wound edges, demonstrating the presence of activated SatCs and differentiating myofibers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

A Rat Model for Muscle Regeneration in the Soft Palate

et al. 2013

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BackgroundChildren with a cleft in the soft palate have difficulties with speech, swallowing, and sucking. Despite successful surgical repositioning of the muscles, optimal function is often not achieved. Scar formation and defective regeneration may hamper the functional recovery of the muscles after cleft palate repair. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the anatomy and histology of the soft palate in rats, and to establish an in vivo model for muscle regeneration after surgical injury.MethodsFourteen adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 (n = 4) and 2 (n = 2) were used to investigate the anatomy and histology of the soft palate, respectively. Group 3 (n = 6) was used for surgical wounding of the soft palate, and group 4 (n = 2) was used as unwounded control group. The wounds (1 mm) were evaluated by (immuno)histochemistry (AZAN staining, Pax7, MyoD, MyoG, MyHC, and ASMA) after 7 days.ResultsThe present study shows that the anatomy and histology of the soft palate muscles of the rat is largely comparable with that in humans. All wounds showed clinical evidence of healing after 7 days. AZAN staining demonstrated extensive collagen deposition in the wound area, and initial regeneration of muscle fibers and salivary glands. Proliferating and differentiating satellite cells were identified in the wound area by antibody staining.ConclusionsThis model is the first, suitable for studying muscle regeneration in the rat soft palate, and allows the development of novel adjuvant strategies to promote muscle regeneration after cleft palate surgery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

A Rat Model for Muscle Regeneration in the Soft Palate

et al. 2013

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“…Except for hybrid type IIc fibres, all fast fibres were labelled with either antibodies specific for MyHC‐IIa or IIx (IIax was considered hybrid type). Discrepancies with the work of Stål and Lindman (), in terms of fibrillar ratios or types, could be species variation without ruling out possible compartmentalization, as was observed in the tensor veli palatini or as reported in other cranial muscles of various species (Mu and Sanders, , , ; Yasuda et al., ; Mu et al., ,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Stål and Lindman () in humans and Yasuda et al. () in rats found variable fibre composition. Stål and Lindman () observed a significant predominance of slow type I fibres (74.9%) with no reference to hybrid types, following immunohistochemistry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Yasuda et al. () describe a muscle with two distinct regions: a compartment with exclusively fast‐twitch fibres and another with fast‐twitch and slow fibres, but predominantly the former (78.1%). They also show that 7.5% of myocytes are labelled with both antibody to myosin fast or slow; this type we have considered as fibrillar IIc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All this makes the study of canine muscles of great interest. However, the distribution and fibre composition of muscles of the soft palate in dogs has been poorly documented in the literature (Rowlerson et al., ), as in other species including humans (Stål and Lindman, ; Yasuda et al., ). Furthermore, due to its functional specialization, it would be expected to find unusual fibre types compared to myocytes described in appendicular muscles (Smerdu et al., ; Acevedo and Rivero, ), as happens in other cranial muscles (Mu et al., ,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution Pattern of Muscle Fibre Types In Soft Palate of the Dog (Canis familiaris,L.)

Sánchez-Collado

Vázquez

Rivero

et al. 2013

Anat. Histol. Embryol.

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Distribution pattern of fibre types was studied in the muscles of the soft palate (palatinus, levator veli palatini and tensor veli palatini muscles) in the dog. The fibrillar classification was based on using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods: myofibrillar adenosine thriphosphatase (mATPase) to different pH of pre-incubation; nicotine adenine dinucleotide (reduced) tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) and finally, application of specific monoclonal antibodies against myosin heavy chain isoforms I, IIa and IIx. In the palatinus and levator veli palatini muscles, pure type I fibres and the hybrid type IIax and IIc were shown, with a checkerboard distribution in the first and a clear predominance of hybrid fibre types (about 98% of the total population) in levator veli palatini muscle. On the other hand, in the tensor veli palatini muscle, type IIx and IIm fibres were identified (fast-twitch fibres related to fast-moving muscles and the powerful jaw muscles of carnivores). The tensor veli palatini muscle had a different distribution and fibrillar composition with predominantly type IIm fibres in its central zone, whilst the peripheral zone was primarily type I and IIx fibres.

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Evidence of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons in the rat hypoglossal nerve trunk

Yasuda

Mori

Tanaka

et al. 2003

Experimental Brain Research

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Previous studies have indicated that the geniohyoid (GH) muscle is innervated by efferent axons from both the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) and ansa cervicalis. To clarify the physiological significance of this dual innervation of the GH muscle, we examined properties of efferent innervations in rat GH muscle using electrophysiological, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing and immunohistochemical techniques. Recordings from the branch of the XII nerve that innervates the GH (GH.Br) revealed that bursts of impulses during fictitious swallowing were conducted via the XII nerve trunk, in which neuronal cell bodies were labeled in the ventrolateral subnucleus of the XII nucleus by HRP tracing. In contrast, in vivo experiments demonstrated that tonic discharges in GH.Br were conducted via the ansa cervicalis. However, HRP-labeled efferent neurons were observed in neither brainstem nor upper spinal cord, but sensory neurons were labeled in the most rostral cervical spinal ganglia via the ansa cervicalis. Tonic activity was abolished in vitro by mecamylamine, an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), and by pirenzepine, an antagonist of muscarinic M1 receptors. Incubation of isolated XII nerve segments with antisera to vasoactive intestinal peptide, nAChR, and muscarinic M1 receptor yielded small numbers of labeled neurons with each antiserum. All labeled neurons displayed similar diameters and were located approximately 1.5 mm proximal to the bifurcation of the XII nerve into medial and lateral branches. Our findings indicate that GH muscle in the rat is innervated by both somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

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Central distribution of neuronal cell bodies innervating the levator veli palatini muscle and associated pattern of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in rat

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

A Rat Model for Muscle Regeneration in the Soft Palate

A Rat Model for Muscle Regeneration in the Soft Palate

Distribution Pattern of Muscle Fibre Types In Soft Palate of the Dog (Canis familiaris,L.)

Evidence of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons in the rat hypoglossal nerve trunk

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