Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in Limited‐Resource Countries: A Review of the Literature

Rosenthal, Víctor D.

doi:10.1086/648439

Cited by 103 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The incidence of central-line associated blood stream infection among adult ICUs patients ranged from 1.6 to 44.6 cases per 1,000 central line days, while neonatal ICUs patients ranged from 2.6 to 60.0 cases per 1,000 central line days, in addition the mortality rate ranging from 2.8 to 9.5 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

El-Sol¹

2017

AJNS

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Abstract:Background: The management for intensive care patients need to the insertion of central venous catheter, which has many dangerous complications, one of these complications is central-line associated blood stream infection which affects the patients' health status. Aim of the study: the study aimed to investigate the effect of a designed teaching module regarding prevention of central-line associated blood stream infection on ICU nurses' knowledge and practice through designed teaching module (theoretical & practical for infection control measures). Methodology: A quasi-experimental research design used to achieve the study aim and pre/post-test was used. A convenience sample of 44 nurses working in Intensive Care Units. Two tools were used to collect data, I-Structured Interviewing Questionnaire: consists of two parts Part-A: Socio-demographic questionnaire &Part-B: Structured questionnaire regarding knowledge of staff nurse to assess nurse's knowledge regarding prevention of central-line associated blood stream infection. II-An observational checklist. Results: the current study revealed that, most sample had nursing diploma. There were significant statistical differences were found between mean total knowledge score of studied sample pre-and post the educational module. Significant statistical differences were found in mean practice scores in post than pre-the educational module. There was a strong positive correlation was found among age, experience, knowledge and practice for studied nurses. Conclusion: Based on findings of the current study, it can be concluded that the improvement occurred in nurse's knowledge and practice after teaching of a designed module about infection control. Recommendations: Establishment educational programs centers in all hospitals which responsible updating and refreshing the nurses knowledge and practice; workshops which emphasizing on the evidence-based practices about infection control measures in critical settings within the hospitals, these services must be included the recently graduated nurses, the infection control department in hospital should follow up infection control process application in all hospital unities generally and critical unities especially.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

El-Sol¹

2017

AJNS

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“…Findings from the PICUs in our country, catheterization without ultrasound guidance has a central line-associated bloodstream infection rate of 2.8-5.5% while the rates are within the range of 1.6% and 44.6% in the literature for children and adults. [4][5][6]21,22 At our PICU, we remove the central venous catheters when the need disappears.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ultrasound for central venous catheterization in pediatric intensive care unit; a single center experience

Tolunay¹,

Okuyan²,

Çelik³

et al. 2015

Turk J Ped Em Int Care Med

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Methodsby an interventional radiology expert. Subclavian vein was not preferred since it complicated the insertion of the catheter into the clavicle under ultrasound guidance. Adequate anesthesia was achieved prior to the procedure (1 μgr/kg fentanyl); sedation was ensured using midazolam (0,1 mg/kg) or ketamine (1-2 mg/kg). During the procedure, the patients were followed under continuous monitoring of the cardiac rate and rhythm, the respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. Except emergency situations, patients with pre-existing thrombocytopenia and abnormal coagulation test results were given supportive treatment and the catheter was inserted in these patients after the test results returned to normal. Central venous catheters were inserted by the pediatricians employed at the intensive care unit or interventional radiology expert at the pediatric intensive care unit. Double-lumen 4-Fr, triple-lumen 5-Fr, triple-lumen 7-Fr polyurethane transient catheters were used for patients with a body weight below 5 kg, between 5 and 20 kg and above 20 kg, respectively (Guangdong Baihe Medical Technology, China).For the purpose to recognize artery and vein; 1-the anatomic positions of internal jugular and femoral veins relative to arteries (internal jugular vein lies on the lateral side of the common carotid artery, femoral vein lies on the medial side of the femoral artery) (figure 1,2), 2-the compressibility of the internal jugular and femoral veins relative to arteries (figure 1,2), 3-in case of difficulty of discriminating the veins and arteries, the shape of the flow was investigated using Doppler mode of ultrasound (Figure 3). While transverse access was mostly used due to the size of the ultrasound probe, CVC was conducted using longitudinal access with real-time images in older patients (figure 4).Hand hygiene and aseptic conditions were ensured to manage infections. The site of administration was sterilized using 10% povidone iodine. A sterile ultrasound gel (Aquatouch Jelly, Turkey) and sterile transducer cover (Medbar Cardboard Camera Cover, Turkey) was used. While inserting the catheter, a "laptop style" ultrasound device and a straight linear probe (7.5 MHz) was used (Mindray-M5 Ultrasound System, China). The catheters were inserted using the Seldinger technique. The location of the catheter was assessed by posterior-anterior chest radiograph for the internal jugular catheters and the localization was deemed appropriate if the tip of the catheter was in the space between the distal part of vena cava superior and the entrance of the right atrium. Dressings were applied once every two days. Patients exhibiting the same microorganism growth in the catheter culture and the peripheral blood culture with accompanying the sepsis clinical findings and signs were diagnosed as central line-associated bloodstream infection while those with erythema, indurations and tenderness within 2 cm distance around the catheter exit were diagnosed with catheter exit-site infection 9 .

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“…Bu oranın NHSN (National Healthcare Safety Network) 2010 verilerinden yüksek (her 1000 kateter gününe 1,9) ancak INICC (International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium) 2012 verilerinden düşük (her 1000 kateter gününe 10,7) olduğu gözlendi (22,23). Literatürde pediatrik ve erişkin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde her 1000 kateter günü için 1,6-60 aralığında kateter ilişkili kan akımı enfeksiyon oranları bildirilmiştir (14,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Central Venous Catheretization in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: a four-years experience

İşgüder¹,

Gülfidan²,

Ağın³

et al. 2014

Turk J Ped Em Int Care Med

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ÖZET Amaç: Santral venöz kateterizasyon kritik hasta çocukların takip ve tedavisinde hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada çocuk yoğun bakım ünitemizde uygulanmakta olan bu işlemin endikasyonları, karşılaşılan komplikasyonlar ve başarı durumumuzun değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesine Ocak 2008-aralık 2011 tarihleri arasında yatan tüm hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Santral venöz kateter takılan hastalar geriye dönük olarak yaş, cinsiyet, hastanede yatış süre-si, kateter takılma endikasyonları, uygulama yeri, kateter kalış süresi ve karşılaşılan komplikasyonlar açısından geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Bu tarihler arasında servisimize 1669 hasta başvurduğu, bunların 100'üne 120 adet kateter takıldığı ve başarı oranımızın %95,2 olduğu olduğu saptandı. En sık tercih edilen kateterizasyon bölgesinin subklavyen ven olduğu (%88), bunu femoral (%8) ve juguler venin (%4) takip ettiği belirlendi. Kateter takılması sırasında tümü subklavyen bölgede olmak üzere 4 adet (%3,3) (2 kez pnömotoraks, 2 kez arter ponksiyonu) komplikasyon geliştiği gözlendi. Kateter kullanımı sırasında tromboz ve çıkış yeri enfeksiyonu gelişmediği ancak kateter ilişkili kan akımı enfeksiyonu oranımızın her 1000 kateter gününe 4,6 olduğu saptandı. Kateter kalış süresinin ve hastanede kalış süresinin uzamasıyla enfeksiyon gelişme riskinin arttığı (p<0,01; p=0,003) tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çocuk yoğun bakım ünitelerinde santral venöz kateterizasyon deneyimli ellerde ve ideal koşullarda uygulandığında komplikasyon oranı düşük ve güvenilir bir girişimdir.Tüm yoğun bakım ünitelerinde enfeksiyon ilişkili komplikasyonları azaltmaya yönelik stratejiler geliştirilmelidir (CAYD 2014; 1(1):31-38

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Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in Limited‐Resource Countries: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 103 publications

References 57 publications

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

Use of ultrasound for central venous catheterization in pediatric intensive care unit; a single center experience

Central Venous Catheretization in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: a four-years experience

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Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in Limited‐Resource Countries: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 103 publications

References 57 publications

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses&apos; Knowledge and Practice

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses&apos; Knowledge and Practice

Use of ultrasound for central venous catheterization in pediatric intensive care unit; a single center experience

Central Venous Catheretization in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: a four-years experience

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The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice

The Effect of a Designed Teaching Module Regarding Prevention of Central-Line Associated Blood Stream Infection on ICU Nurses' Knowledge and Practice