Central nervous system complications of a newly recognized subtype of leukemia

Glass, J. P.; Tassel, Pamela Van; Keating, MJ; Cork, Ann; Trujillo, José M.; Holmes, Romayne

doi:10.1212/wnl.37.4.639

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, it has been reported in the M4Eo subgroup at relapse in up to 35% of cases (Holmes et al, 1985) characteristically with mass lesions demonstrable on CT scanning (Glass et al, 1987). T h e incidence of 8% in our series is comparable with that of ANLL in general.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Chromosome 16 abnormalities associated with myeloid malignancies

Campbell¹,

Challis²,

Fok³

et al. 1991

Genes Chromosomes & Cancer

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Twenty-six patients who had cytogenetic analyses performed for myeloid malignancies at St. Vincent's Hospital over a 6-year period were found to have an inversion abnormality of chromosome 16 (25 patients) or t(16;16) (1 patient). Only 16 patients had all the features of M4Eo, while the other 10 patients had diagnoses of M2, M4, M5, RAEB, and RAEB-T; six of these had abnormal eosinophils. Thus, abnormal eosinophils were present in 22 of 26 patients (85%). Thirteen patients had additional cytogenetic abnormalities at diagnosis, the commonest being +8 in 5, del(7q) in 4, and +21 in 3. Twenty-three patients received chemotherapy and 20 (87%) achieved complete remission. The median survival of the treated group was 188 weeks with a 61% 2-year and 45% 5-year survival. No significant difference in survival was observed between those patients with a diagnosis of M4Eo and those with other diagnoses suggesting that it is the abnormality of chromosome 16 which confers an improved prognosis. Additional cytogenetic abnormalities present at diagnosis did not affect prognosis. CNS relapse was observed in only two patients (8%), thus indicating no increased incidence of this complication. This study supports the premise that a chromosome abnormality involving 16p13 and 16q22 defines a good prognosis subset of myeloid leukemia despite morphological variations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Chromosome 16 abnormalities associated with myeloid malignancies

Campbell¹,

Challis²,

Fok³

et al. 1991

Genes Chromosomes & Cancer

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“…All 9 patients had CNS disease at relapse, which is in accordance with our finding. Conversely, other investigators reported a lower incidence of ≤17%, which was attributed to the benefit of using high‐dose cytosine arabinoside as a prophylactic CNS therapy 17‐19. In 1 study by the Children's Cancer Group, it was demonstrated that patients with chromosome 11 abnormalities were more likely to develop CNS disease 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic profile of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and central nervous system disease

Shihadeh

Reed

Faderl

et al. 2011

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) infrequently involves the central nervous system (CNS). This study was undertaken in patients with AML to determine whether cytogenetic findings predict CNS involvement. METHODS: The medical records of 1354 patients with AML who were treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between January 2000 and December 2008 were reviewed. Forty patients (3%) had CNS involvement at time of presentation or disease recurrence, of whom 37 had conventional cytogenetics performed on bone marrow aspirate material. Demographics, treatment, and status at last follow‐up were collected. RESULTS: Eleven patients (30%) had a diploid karyotype, and 14 patients (38%) had complex cytogenetics. Only 5 of the 40 patients had CNS disease at diagnosis, and the remaining patients had CNS disease at relapse. Patients who developed CNS disease were younger (P = .019), had a higher white blood cell (WBC) count at diagnosis (P = .001), had higher lactate dehydrogenase level (LDH) levels (P < .0001), and had higher percentages peripheral blast cells (P = .024) at diagnosis compared with the rest of the population. In addition, patients with CNS disease had higher rates of chromosome 16 inversion (P < .001), chromosome 11 abnormality (P = .005), and trisomy 8 (P = .02) and had a tendency toward complex cytogenetics (P = .2) compared with the control group (patients who had AML with no CNS involvement). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AML and CNS disease often had higher LDH levels and WBC counts at diagnosis, and they often presented with chromosome 16 inversion and chromosome 11 abnormalities. The current study indicated that the overall survival of patients with AML who had CNS involvement is poor. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.

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“…Among the myeloid malignancies, specific cytogenetic abnormalities predict for leptomeningeal infiltration, including translocation of chromosome 8-21, inversion or deletion of chromosome 16, translocation of chromosome 9-11, and deletion of chromosome 11q23. [27][28][29][30][31] Among primary brain neoplasms, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, such as medulloblastoma, trilateral retinoblastoma, and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, are at high risk of leptomeningeal involvement. In addition, patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (yolk sac, embryonal, and choriocarcinoma) are also at risk of neuraxis dissemination.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%