Central Nervous System Involvement of Natural Killer and T Cell Neoplasms

Aaroe, Ashley; Nevel, Kathryn

doi:10.1007/s11912-019-0794-2

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…There are less than five cases of CNS involvement in ANKL reported ( 36 , 40 ). Current evidence shows poor prognosis of CNS involved NK/T cell neoplasm ( 41 ). The head MRI of this patient was familiar with reported neuroimaging features in HLH patients ( 42 , 43 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare malignant tumor, especially uncommon in children. ANKL has very aggressive clinical course and bad prognosis and is usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus infection. ANKL often has clinical manifestations of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and can be easily treated as HLH, which might complicate this aggressive disease. Here we report an ANKL in adolescent whose clinical presentation was highly aggressive and response to L-asparaginase containing chemotherapy was very bad. Early-onset Flow cytometry of peripheral blood and bone marrow help make the diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…[ 14 , 21 ] T-cell PCNSL patients with regimens that include HD-MTX have a longer survival compared to individuals who have nonmethotrexate-based chemotherapy regimens. [ 1 , 50 ] Multiple consolidation approaches include WBRT, additional chemotherapy, or autologous stem cell transplant. [ 8 , 18 ] Close follow-up is required due to most patients having a recurrence within 5 years of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoma that accounts for 2–6% of all primary brain tumors. [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 9 , 11 , 14 , 23 , 24 , 31 , 33 - 35 ] Only 2% of these cases are known to be of T-cell origin. [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 21 - 23 , 25 - 29 , 31 - 35 ] T-cell PCNSL has less than a 20–30% 5-year survival rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 , 3 , 4 , 9 , 11 , 14 , 23 , 24 , 31 , 33 - 35 ] Only 2% of these cases are known to be of T-cell origin. [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 21 - 23 , 25 - 29 , 31 - 35 ] T-cell PCNSL has less than a 20–30% 5-year survival rate. [ 14 , 35 ] Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis and treatment is imperative for best clinical outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary peripheral T-cell central nervous system lymphoma

Bird

Traylor

Thomas

et al. 2021

Surgical Neurology International

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Background: Primary peripheral T-cell central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, aggressive tumor that arises in the craniospinal axis and has an increased risk in individuals who are immunocompromised. This lesion often mimics other benign and malignant processes on radiographic imaging, leading to misdiagnosis and delays in treatment. We present a case of a patient with a history of Sjögren’s syndrome and progressive neurologic symptoms who underwent craniotomy for diagnosis. Case Description: A 61-year-old woman with a history of Sjögren’s syndrome, progressive aphasia, left facial droop, and right-sided paresthesias for 4 months presented for evaluation and management. An enhancing, infiltrative lesion in the left frontal lobe with underlying vasogenic edema was appreciated and suggestive of a primary or metastatic neoplasm. The patient underwent an open biopsy for further evaluation of the lesion. Extensive histopathologic evaluation revealed a diagnosis of T-cell PCNSL. The patient was started on induction methotrexate and temozolomide followed by consolidative radiotherapy. Conclusion: Autoimmune conditions are a risk factor for T-cell PCNSL development. T-cell PCNSL has radiographic and gross histologic features that are consistent with a broad differential, including gliomas and inflammatory processes. Prompt diagnosis and extensive histopathological evaluation is essential to ensure appropriate treatment.

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“…PCNSL-DLBCL can be further subdivided into germinal center B cell (GCB) and nongerminal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtypes, depending on the gene expression profile. Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma (PCNSTCL) seems to benefit from high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), similarly to PCNSL with a DLBCL pathology (8,9). PCNSL-DLBCL expresses B-cell antigens such as CD79a, CD19, and CD20, as well as monotypic surface immunoglobulin light chains.…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma—From Bench to Bedside

Shao

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare subtype of extra-nodal lymphoma. The high relapse rate of PCNSL remains a major challenge to the hematologists, even though patients exhibit high sensitivity to the methotrexate-based chemotherapeutic regimens. Recently, the advent of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) and CAR T treatment has made more treatment options available to a proportion of patients. However, whether BTKi monotherapy should be given alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy is still a clinical question. The status of CAR T therapy for PCNSLs also needs to be elucidated. In this review, we summarized the latest progress on the epidemiology, pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment options for PCNSLs.

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Central Nervous System Involvement of Natural Killer and T Cell Neoplasms

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Primary peripheral T-cell central nervous system lymphoma

Recent Progress on Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma—From Bench to Bedside

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