Central Neurotranspeptide, Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (.ALPHA.-MSH) is Upregulated in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Yamaoka‐Tojo, Minako; Tojo, Taiki; Shioi, Tetsuo; Masuda, Takashi; Inomata, Takayuki; Izumi, Tohru

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.45.1546

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It was shown that NF-kB activity can also be inhibited by the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in monocytes (Wang et al 1995). Indeed, SHU9119, a MC3R/4R antagonist, reduces per se IL10 serum release induced by LPS (Vulliemoz et al 2006), and IL10 is released from human peripheral mononuclear cells (Yamaoka-Tojo et al 2006), indicating that melanocortins can also be physiological modulators of IL10. Indeed, we recently reported that NDP-MSH via MC4R activation did not modify IL10 release from astrocytes whereas it did increase IL10 release from microglial cultured cells .…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Mc4r-mediated Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytes: new targets of melanocortin 4 receptor actions

Caruso¹,

Carniglia²,

Durand³

et al. 2013

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Astrocytes exert a wide variety of functions with paramount importance in brain physiology. After injury or infection, astrocytes become reactive and they respond by producing a variety of inflammatory mediators that help maintain brain homeostasis. Loss of astrocyte functions as well as their excessive activation can contribute to disease processes; thus, it is important to modulate reactive astrocyte response. Melanocortins are peptides with well-recognized anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity. Although melanocortin efficacy was shown in systemic models of inflammatory disease, mechanisms involved in their effects have not yet been fully elucidated. Central anti-inflammatory effects of melanocortins and their mechanisms are even less well known, and, in particular, the effects of melanocortins in glial cells are poorly understood. Of the five known melanocortin receptors (MCRs), only subtype 4 is present in astrocytes. MC4R has been shown to mediate melanocortin effects on energy homeostasis, reproduction, inflammation, and neuroprotection and, recently, to modulate astrocyte functions. In this review, we will describe MC4R involvement in anti-inflammatory, anorexigenic, and anti-apoptotic effects of melanocortins in the brain. We will highlight MC4R action in astrocytes and discuss their possible mechanisms of action. Melanocortin effects on astrocytes provide a new means of treating inflammation, obesity, and neurodegeneration, making them attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in the CNS.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Mc4r-mediated Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytes: new targets of melanocortin 4 receptor actions

Caruso¹,

Carniglia²,

Durand³

et al. 2013

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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“…However in this study we could not conclude that the increase of α-MSH was for the anti-inflammatory function. In some literatures, increased levels of α-MSH have also been demonstrated in patients suffering from congestive heart failure (CHF) [19] and obesity [14,15]. None of the patients in the current study had CHF, and eight had BMIs of > 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…α-MSH also has the advantage that its plasma levels remain relatively stable, both in terms of daily variations [17], and in terms of seasonal variations [18]. Furthermore, α-MSH levels in healthy controls fall within a relatively narrow range (Figure 1), as shown by both the current and previous reports [17-19]. Thus, 〈-MSH would have an advantage as a biomarker to diagnose CFS in terms of stability, because the level of 〈-MSH was not affected by acute stress and rhythmicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The increase of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the plasma of chronic fatigue syndrome patients

et al. 2010

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BackgroundDespite extensive research, no reliable biological marker for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has yet been identified. However, hyperactivation of melanotrophs in the pituitary gland and increased levels of plasma alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) have recently been detected in an animal model of chronic stress. Because CFS is considered to be caused partly by chronic stress events, increased α-MSH plasma levels may also occur in CFS patients. We therefore examined α-MSH levels in CFS patients.MethodsFifty-five CFS patients, who were previously diagnosed within 10 years of with the disease, were enrolled in this study. Thirty healthy volunteers were studied as controls. Fasting bloods samples were collected in the morning and evaluated for their plasma levels of α-MSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serum cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). Mean levels of α-MSH were compared between the CFS and control groups using Welch's t test.ResultsThe mean plasma α-MSH concentration in the CFS group (17.9 ± 1.0 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (14.5 ± 1.0 pg/mL, p = 0.02). However, there was a wide range of values in the CFS group. The factors correlated with the plasma α-MSH values were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. A negative correlation was found between the duration of the CFS and the plasma α-MSH values (p = 0.04, rs = -0.28), but no correlations with ACTH, cortisol or DHEA-S levels were identified (p = 0.55, 0.26, 0.33, respectively). The CFS patients were divided into two groups: patients diagnosed for ≤ 5 years' duration, and those diagnosed for 5-10 years' duration. They were compared with the healthy controls using one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests. The mean α-MSH concentration in the ≤ 5 years group was 20.8 ± 1.2 pg/mL, which was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the 5-10 year group (15.6 ± 1.4 pg/mL) and the healthy controls.ConclusionsCFS patients with a disease duration of ≤ 5 years had significantly higher levels of α-MSH in their peripheral blood. α-MSH could be a potent biological marker for the diagnosis of CFS, at least during the first 5 years after onset of the disease.

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“…Previous studies demonstreted tachycardic effects of alpha-MSH due to increased sympathetic and attenuated parasymphatetic activity, and by this mechanism indirectly affecting energy expenditure [23]. Modulation of autonomic nervous system tone attributed to alpha-MSH may be have an enormously important effect, since disorders of the autonomic nervous system is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for major cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure [24]. Indeed, circulating alpha-MSH was found to be increased in patients with chronic heart failure [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone is related to heart rate during exercise recovery

Popović

Seman

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is a part of the hormonal stress system with proven cardiovascular effects. Heart rate recovery (HRR) following exercise is strongly correlated to overall fitness and future adverse cardiovascular events. The current study examined the predictive value of alpha-MSH for HRR following exercise testing. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill was used to measure HR and oxygen consumption (V̇O 2 ) in 16 elite male wrestlers (W), 21 water polo player (WP) and 20 sedentary subjects (C) matched for age. Plasma levels of alpha-MSH were measured by radioimmunoassay technique in four phases of CPET: 1) 10 min pre-CPET at rest; 2) at the initation of CPET; 3) at peak CPET; and 4) at the third minute of recovery. The WP group had significantly higher HRR compared to than W and C groups, who did not have significantly different values. Significant difference in alpha-MSH measurements and patterns during CPET between groups was not observed (p > 0.05). When combining all three groups, we observed a significant correlation between V̇O 2 recovery and alpha-MSH recovery/peak (r = -0.3, p = 0.022). HRR and ΔHRR/peak significantly correlated with alpha-MSH at all four measurment points (r = -0.4; p < 0.01 for all). On multiple regression analysis, which included anthropometric and hormonal measures, the best independent predictor of HRR and ΔHRR/peak was alpha-MSH during recovery (B = -1.0, -0.5; SE = 0.3, 0.1; CI = -1.5 to -0.4, -0.7 to -0.2; p = 0.001 respectively). In conclusion, alpha-MSH measured during exercise recovery holds predictive value for HRR and ΔHRR/peak, suggesting a contributing role to integrative regulation of overall cardiopulmonary performance. Condensed abstract Present study examined the predictive value of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) for heart rate recovery (HRR) in elite male wrestlers, water polo players and sedentary subjects matched for age. Alpha-MSH measured during exercise recovery holds predictive value for HRR and ΔHRR/peak, suggesting a contributing role to integrative regulation of overall cardiopulmonary performance.

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Central Neurotranspeptide, Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (.ALPHA.-MSH) is Upregulated in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Astrocytes: new targets of melanocortin 4 receptor actions

Astrocytes: new targets of melanocortin 4 receptor actions

The increase of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the plasma of chronic fatigue syndrome patients

The alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone is related to heart rate during exercise recovery

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