Central Obesity and Associated Factors among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Kemal, Adnan; Ahmed, Mohammed; Teshome, Melese Sinaga; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen

doi:10.1155/2021/1578653

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…All included studies were employed by cross-sectional study design. Of these, five studies were community-based, whereas 15 were institutional-based cross-sectional studies: six studies in Amhara (25,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), five studies in Addis Ababa (38)(39)(40)(41)(42), three studies in Tigray (43)(44)(45), two studies in Oromia (46,47), two studies in Dire Dawa (26,48), one study in Southern Nations Nationalists and Peoples Region (49), and one study in Harari (50). The sample sizes ranged from 225 to 1,935.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of central obesity and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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IntroductionObesity is a global public health concern that is now on the rise, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Despite the fact that there are several studies reporting the prevalence of central obesity among adults in Ethiopia, there is a lack of a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing the existing observational studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of central obesity and its associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsOnline libraries such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Addis Ababa University were searched. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA statistical software (v. 16). Forest plots, Begg’s rank test, and Egger’s regression test were all used to check for publication bias. To look for heterogeneity, I2 was computed, and an overall estimated analysis was carried out. Subgroup analysis was done by region and study setting. In addition, the pooled odds ratio for related covariates was calculated.ResultsOut of 685 studies assessed, 20 met our criteria and were included in the study. A total of 12,603 people were included in the study. The prevalence of central obesity was estimated to be 37.31% [95% confidence interval (CI): 29.55–45.07]. According to subgroup analysis by study region and setting, the highest prevalence was observed in the Dire Dawa region (61.27%) and community-based studies (41.83%), respectively. Being a woman (AOR = 6.93; 95% CI: 3.02–10.85), having better socioeconomic class (AOR = 5.45; 95% CI: 0.56–10.34), being of age 55 and above (AOR = 5.23; 95% CI: 2.37–8.09), being physically inactive (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.37–2.24), being overweight (AOR = 4.00; 95% CI: 2.58–5.41), being obese (AOR = 6.82; 95% CI: 2.21–11.43), and having hypertension (AOR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.29–6.40) were the factors associated with central obesity.ConclusionThe prevalence of central obesity was high in Ethiopia. Being a woman, having a higher socioeconomic class, being older, being physically inactive, being overweight or obese, and having hypertension were all associated. Therefore, it is vital for the government and health organizations to design and implement preventive measures like early detection, close monitoring, and positive reversal of central obesity in all patients and the general population. High-quality investigations on the prevalence of central obesity in the Ethiopian people are required to better understand the status of central obesity in Ethiopia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022329234.

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Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of central obesity and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Increasing BMI along with advancing age were found to be predictors of dyslipidemia, which is supported by previous studies. 13 , 49 , 50 Our study revealed more dyslipidemia than some comparative studies which show that risk of future cardiovascular disease with increasing age and longevity is high and needs urgent preventative measures. 49 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Prevalence of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among HIV Infected Patients on Anti-Retroviral Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes¹,

Fisseha²,

Mulatu³

et al. 2022

HIV

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Background Anti-retroviral treatment has improved mortality of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients, which is offset by an increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data regarding prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV infected patients in Ethiopia are very scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CVD risks and associated factors in patients with HIV. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 patients with HIV infection, using a modified World Health Organization’s stepwise approach to surveillance questionnaire. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurement was done along with biochemical studies. Cardiovascular risk was estimated using Framingham risk score. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between cardiovascular risks and associated factors, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of the participants was 45 years, and 69.2% were females. Most (80.9%) of the participants had viral load below 50 copies/mL and the mean CD4 count was 579 cells/mm 3 . Dyslipidemia was the most common risk factor identified in 69.4%, followed by abnormal fasting blood glucose (≥100 mg/dL) in 36.8%. Hypertension was diagnosed in 23.8%, while 22.8% and 11.1% had metabolic syndrome and obesity, respectively. Framingham risk score was low in 95.9%. Male gender, increasing age, high body mass index and previous ART regimen being tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, lamivudine and nevirapine increased CVD risk factors. Conclusion Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were high in the population studied. There is a need to raise awareness about the risk factors, and patients should have timely follow-up and care.

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“…Similar results had been reported in a study conducted in Addis Ababa, which showed that AZT+3TC+EFV based medication was significantly associated to overweight/obesity. 28 On the contrary, this finding is not supported by comparative clinical trial studies, which revealed that participants taking INSTIs experienced the most weight gain than NNRTI and protease inhibitor (PI). 29 Similarly, this finding is also not in line with another follow up study which stated that Dolutegravir is associated with more weight gain than Efavirenz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This finding is supported by the study done in Addis Ababa on the magnitude of central obesity and associated factors among adult patients on ART in armed force comprehensive and specialized hospital showed that being male was identified as a risk factor to develop obesity. 28 However, it is not supported by the cohort study done in USA and Canada that stated that women with HIV experience a significantly greater increase in BMI following ART initiation than men. 24 The possible explanation for the discrepancy might be difference of the population, socio economic status and ART drug type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association Between Overweight/Obesity and ART Drug Regimen Among Adult HIV Patients in Gamo Zone Public Health Facilities Southern Ethiopia

Belete,

Assefa,

Gadore

et al. 2023

HIV

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Introduction Overweight/obesity is an emerging public health problem in low income countries. Currently sub-Saharan African countries are facing a double burden of malnutrition. Evidence has shown that overweight/obesity is becoming a problem for people living with HIV. But little is known in our setting. Thus, this study is designed to assess the association between overweight/obesity and ART drug regimen among adult HIV patients in Gamo zone public health facilities southern Ethiopia. Objective To assess the association between overweight/obesity and ART drug regimen among adult HIV patients in Gamo zone public health facilities southern Ethiopia. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 10 to May 10, 2022, among systematically selected adult HIV patients. The data were collected by using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, patient record review, and physical measurements. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. A p-value <0.05 with its 95% CI was considered as a statistically significant and interpreted accordingly. Results The magnitude of overweight/obesity were 13.5% (95% CI:(10.4–17.2)). Being male (2.484(1.308, 4.716)), duration on ART (took for ≥5 years) ((2.249(1.218, 4.152)), and ART drug regime (3.789(1.965, 7.304)) were significantly associated with overweight/obesity. Conclusion Overweight/obesity is significantly associated to ART drug regimen type among adult HIV patients. Furthermore, sex and duration on ART drug were found significantly associated with overweight/obesity of adult HIV patients.

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Central Obesity and Associated Factors among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of central obesity and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of central obesity and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among HIV Infected Patients on Anti-Retroviral Treatment in a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Association Between Overweight/Obesity and ART Drug Regimen Among Adult HIV Patients in Gamo Zone Public Health Facilities Southern Ethiopia

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