Central projections of afferent renal fibers in the rat: an anterograde transport study of horseradish peroxidase

Ciriello, John; Calaresu, F. R.

doi:10.1016/0165-1838(83)90110-8

Cited by 129 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…17,18 In the present study, we observed that elevations of pelvic pressure increased RSNA and blood pressure. Furthermore, Figure 1 Typical trace of pulsatile blood pressure, heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in response to increases in renal pelvic pressure in Wistar-kyoto Izm (WKY) rat and spontaneously hypertensive Izm rat (SHR).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Roles of central renin-angiotensin system and afferent renal nerve in the control of systemic hemodynamics in rats

et al. 2011

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Afferent renal nerves (ARNs) convey signals generated by physiological changes in the kidney to the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine whether ARNs contribute to cardiovascular regulation through central renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-dependent pathways. Blood pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were monitored during elevations in pelvic pressure in anesthetized Wistar-Kyoto Izm (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive Izm rats (SHRs). In both groups of rats, blood pressure and RSNA were significantly increased in response to elevations in renal pelvic pressure in a pressure-dependent fashion, which were prevented by renal denervation. Injection of an angiotensin II type I receptor blocker (CV-11974, 10 lg) into the intracerebroventricular region significantly suppressed the vasopressor and sympathoexcitatory responses to the increases in pelvic pressure in both WKY rats and SHRs, although these inhibitory effects of CV-11974 in SHRs appeared to be weaker than in WKY rats. These results indicate that signals transmitted by ARNs have an important role in the control of systemic hemodynamics through regulating central RAS-mediated changes in sympathetic nerve activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Roles of central renin-angiotensin system and afferent renal nerve in the control of systemic hemodynamics in rats

et al. 2011

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“…8,10 Renal afferent nerves project directly to many areas in the central nervous system controlling the sympathetic nervous system activity such as the NTS and hypothalamus. [87][88][89] It is demonstrated that oxidative stress mediates the stimulation of the sympathetic nerve activity in the phenol renal injury model of hypertension in which the renal afferent nerves are stimulated. 90 In this model, the brain AT1 receptor and NAD(P)H oxidase are activated.…”

Section: Effects Of At1 Receptor Blockers On Oxidative Stress In the mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in the cardiovascular center has a pivotal role in the sympathetic activation in hypertension

Hirooka

2011

Hypertens Res

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Oxidative stress in the cardiovascular center has a pivotal role in the sympathetic activation in hypertension Yoshitaka HirookaActivation of the sympathetic nervous system has an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, the precise mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Oxidative stress may be important in hypertension as well as in other cardiovascular disorders. We investigated the role of oxidative stress, particularly in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), which is known as the cardiovascular center in the brainstem, in the activation of the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension. We observed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increases in the RVLM in hypertensive rats, thereby enhancing the central sympathetic outflow, which leads to hypertension. Furthermore, the environmental factors of high salt intake and a high-calorie diet may also increase the ROS production in the RVLM, thereby activating the central sympathetic outflow and increasing the risk of hypertension. The activation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase via the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors is suggested to be the major source of ROS production, and an altered downstream signaling pathway is involved in the activation of the RVLM neurons, leading to enhanced central sympathetic outflow and hypertension. Thus, the brain AT1 receptors may be novel therapeutic targets, and, in fact, oral treatment with angiotensin receptor blockers has been found to inhibit the central AT1 receptors, despite the blood-brain barrier.

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“…In the present study, we used an intrathecal injection technique to target the T8-L3 segments of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and their central (dorsal horn) and peripheral (mesenteric arteries and kidneys) terminals without affecting other regions. The T8-L3 segments were chosen as targets because they innervate mesenteric resistance arteries and the kidneys, which are known for their involvement in blood pressure regulation [24][25][26][27][28][29] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced salt sensitivity following shRNA silencing of neuronal TRPV1 in rat spinal cord

Wang

2011

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: To investigate the effects of selective knockdown of TRPV1 channels in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar segments of spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and mesenteric arteries on rat blood pressure responses to high salt intake. Methods: TRPV1 short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) was delivered using intrathecal injection (6 μg·kg -1 ·d -1 , for 3 d). Levels of TRPV1 and tyrosine hydroxylase expression were determined by Western blot analysis. Systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were examined using tail-cuff and direct arterial measurement, respectively. Results: In rats injected with control shRNA, high-salt diet (HS) caused higher systolic blood pressure compared with normal-salt diet (NS) (HS:149±4 mmHg; NS:126±2 mmHg, P<0.05). Intrathecal injection of TRPV1 shRNA signifi cantly increased the systolic blood pressure in both HS rats and NS rats (HS:169±3 mmHg; NS:139±2 mmHg). The increases was greater in HS rats than in NS rats (HS: 13.9%±1.8%; NS: 9.8±0.7, P<0.05). After TRPV1 shRNA treatment, TRPV1 expression in the dorsal horn and DRG of T8-L3 segments and in mesenteric arteries was knocked down to a greater extent in HS rats compared with NS rats. Blockade of α1-adrenoceptors abolished the TRPV1 shRNA-induced pressor effects. In rats injected with TRPV1 shRNA, level of tyrosine hydroxylase in mesenteric arteries was increased to a greater extent in HS rats compared with NS rats. Conclusion: Selective knockdown of TRPV1 expression in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar segments of spinal cord, DRG, and mesenteric arteries enhanced the prohypertensive effects of high salt intake, suggesting that TRPV1 channels in these sites protect against increased salt sensitivity, possibly via suppression of sympatho-excitatory responses.

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Central projections of afferent renal fibers in the rat: an anterograde transport study of horseradish peroxidase

Cited by 129 publications

References 26 publications

Roles of central renin-angiotensin system and afferent renal nerve in the control of systemic hemodynamics in rats

Roles of central renin-angiotensin system and afferent renal nerve in the control of systemic hemodynamics in rats

Oxidative stress in the cardiovascular center has a pivotal role in the sympathetic activation in hypertension

Enhanced salt sensitivity following shRNA silencing of neuronal TRPV1 in rat spinal cord

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