CEO Characteristics, the Independence of Board of Directors and the Company Innovation Performance

CEOs’ Academic Experience and Innovation Performance: Moderating Effect of CEO Duality

“…Our empirical findings show that CEOs' academic experience in China positively correlates with innovation performance (Ju et al, 2023). Regarding the control variables, firm size (FSIZE) positively and significantly affects innovation performance at a 1% significance level, indicating that larger companies are able to invest in more innovative ventures, which is similar to previous studies (Li & Shi, 2010). Larger corporations often possess greater power and resources, which they use for business operations and innovation activities (Ettlie & Rubenstein, 1987).…”

“…used two metrics, both based on patents, to measure innovation. One is the number of patent grants (PG) Argyres & Silverman (2004); Li & Shi (2010), and the other is the number of patent applications (PA) as a proxy index to measure innovation performance Dosi et al (2006) as a surrogate variable. This study measures innovation performance using patent grants (PG) as a proxy index.…”

“…Male executives ratio (MER) is measured as the number of male executives divided by the total number of executives (Shen et al, 2020). CEO age (CEOAGE) is measured as CEO age (Li & Shi, 2010). Tobin's Quotient (TOBIN's Q) is measured as the market value of a firm divided by the replacement cost of its assets (Tobin, 1969).…”

Differences in the Values of the Senior Management Team, Antirisk Ability, and Innovation Performance by the Data-Driven Approach: Evidence from 841 Listed Companies in China

“…Existing documents mainly use the number of R&D personnel, R&D expenditure, the number of patents, and the number of registered trademarks as corporate innovation indicators [43,44]. Among them, the number of R&D personnel and R&D expenditure indicators belong to the input indicators of enterprise innovation.…”