Cephalic Index among Nepalese Medical Students

Manandhar, Bipana

doi:10.3126/ojn.v7i2.20159

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In contrast to this finding, other studies performed in Nepal revealed statistically significant value of cephalic index between male and female. 11,14 In this study, it was observed that dolichocephaly was the most common head type. This finding is consistent with findings of other studies performed in Croatia and Nigeria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…8,12 On the contrary, brachycephaly was reported as most common head type in other studies conducted in Nepal and in another study conducted in India, brachycephaly and dolichocephaly were equally frequent (33%) followed by mesocephaly (27%). 11,13,14 On the other hand, in other studies conducted in parts of India, most common head type reported was mesocephalic type. 9,10 Many researchers have raised the topic of "brachycephalisation" in their studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In contrast to this finding, other studies performed in Nepal revealed statistically significant value of cephalic index between male and female. 11 , 14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community

Khatun¹

2018

J Nepal Med Assoc

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Introduction: Cephalic index is an important parameter for differentiation of race and sex which varies significantly on the basis of hereditary, geographical, racial, sexual and other factors. It is a morphometric expression of different forms of head. The objective of this research was to evaluate the cephalic index of people of indigenous Tharu community of Biratnagar, Nepal and to determine different head types. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which maximum head length and breadth of 100 adult Tharu people living in Biratnagar were measured using spreading caliper and scale. The cephalic index was obtained from these values using Hrdlicka’s method. Results: The mean cephalic index of the study population was 75.99±4.97. The mean cephalic indices of males and females were 76.22±5.14 and 75.78±4.85 respectively. The most common head type observed was dolichocephalic type 47 (47%). It was followed by mesocephalic type 37 (37%), brachycephalic type 13 (13%) was less common and least common was hyperbrachycephalic type 3 (3%). Conclusions: Long head (dolichocephalic) type is more common in Tharu population in both the genders, whereas, broad head (brachycephalic and hyperbrachycephalic) type is present in very few people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community

Khatun¹

2018

J Nepal Med Assoc

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“…10 In contrast it was recorded as the least common type among Nepalese Medical students of all the three ethnic groups namely Brahmin, Newar and Chettri. 26 It was the least common among (4.32%) Thai 24 and Japanese populations as well. 3 A study done among Colombian population found that the mesocephalic was the second common type of head 27 which was comparable to the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, it was recorded the most common type among Brahmin, Newar and Chettri of Nepalese population. 26 It was also the most common among Albanians of Kosovo 16 and Srilankan population. 32 The present study did not record hyperbrachycephalic type of head which was similar to the study done by Setiya et al 31 So it is obvious that hereditary factor is primarily responsible for this variability in head shape in various ancestries, ethnicities and geographical regions, however environment has secondary effect on it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of cephalic and facial indices among students of KUSMS

Mansur¹,

Maskey²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2020

JCMC

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Background:The description of the human face has been a major concern since long time. Individual identification is one such field where anthropometric parameters, especially cephalo-facial measurements, are an important tool in determining the various shapes of head and face. Hence the objective of the study was to determine the shapes of head and face. Methods:The present study was a cross-sectional and observational type which consisted of 222 individuals (115 female and 107 male). It was conducted from January to June, 2019 after receiving ethical approval. The cephalic and facial indices were derived after measuring length and breadth of head and face. The collected data was entered in excel and analyzed with SPSS (22.0). Results:The present study observed that the most common type of face was hyperleptoprosopic 168 (75.68%) followed by leptoprosopic 43 (19.37%), mesoprosopic 10 (4.50% female only) and euryprosopic 1 (0.93% male only). Similarly, the most common type of head was dolicocephalic 165 (74.33%), followed by mesocephalic 51 (22.97%), and brachycephalic 6 (2.70%). Conclusions:This study concluded that the hyperleptoprosopic face was most common type and the least common type was euryprosopic face. The most common type of head was found to be dolicocephalic and the least common type was found to be brachycephalic.

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Chemical Characterization of Corydalis chaerophylla D.C. Extracts and Preliminary Evaluation of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Biological Properties

Maharjan,

Kumar Shrestha,

Hill

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Genus Corydalis is a rich source of isoquinoline alkaloids reported to having potential bioactivities. Corydalis chaerophylla collected from Nepal at an altitude of 2400–4800 m was extracted using hexane, methanol and chloroform as solvents. The resulting hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts were subjected to LC–DAD‐MSn analysis to yield fifteen different alkaloids. To assess any potential pharmacological properties, antimicrobial activity against two Gram‐positive, two Gram‐negative bacterial strains and one fungal strain was assessed, revealing significant inhibitive action of the methanol and chloroform extracts. Of the extracts obtained using chloroform contained the highest content of phenolic compounds at 113 mg GAE/g, while the highest total flavonoid content was found for the hexane extract with a value of 46.45 mg QE/g. The chloroform extract also exhibited a considerable antioxidant activity at IC50 value, 261.5±3 μg/mL, for the DPPH assay. Conversely, the methanol extract exhibited the highest LC50 value for Brine Shrimp cytotoxicity at 196±3 μg/mL being least potential for the test. The methanol extract was found to be the most active against α‐amylase inhibition with an IC50 of 51.52±2 μg/mL. In an in vivo acute oral toxicity study against mice, methanol and chloroform extracts presented harmful effects with 1000.36 mg/kg BW and 515 mg/kg BW for LD50, respectively. By analyzing all the results of the solvents used, the chloroform extract was found to be the most active, a feature that will be used in future isolation procedures and other pharmacological tests.

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Cephalic Index among Nepalese Medical Students

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community

Cephalic Index in Indigenous Tharu Community

Measurement of cephalic and facial indices among students of KUSMS

Chemical Characterization of Corydalis chaerophylla D.C. Extracts and Preliminary Evaluation of Their in Vitro and in Vivo Biological Properties

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