Cephalic phase of pancreatic polypeptide release: a valid test of autonomic neuropathy in diabetics?

Glasbrenner, Bernhard; Brückel, Joachim; Gritzmann, Robert; Adler, Guido

doi:10.1016/0168-8227(95)01153-6

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One outcome of this is activation of descending fibers to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, which is conveyed through vagal efferents to essentially all sites involved with nutrient processing. Modified sham feeding stimulates pancreatic polypeptide secretion, a marker of neural activation (6, 44). …”

Section: Functions Of Fat Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pancreatic polypeptide release is neurally mediated (6, 44), whereas the mix of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract stimulates the release of digestive enzymes, including pancreatic lipase. One function of pancreatic polypeptide is to stimulate hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein synthesis and secretion, and the plasma very-low-density lipoprotein concentration is elevated by modified sham feeding (120).…”

Section: Functions Of Fat Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Is There a Fatty Acid Taste?

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Taste is a chemical sense that aids in the detection of nutrients and guides food choice. A limited number of primary qualities comprise taste. Accumulating evidence has raised a question about whether fat should be among them. Most evidence indicates triacylglycerol is not an effective taste stimulus, though it clearly contributes sensory properties to foods by carrying flavor compounds and altering texture. However, there is increasing anatomical, electrophysiological, animal behavior, imaging, metabolic, and psychophysical evidence that free fatty acids are detectable when non-taste cues are minimized. Free fatty acids varying in saturation and chain length are detectable, suggesting the presence of multiple transduction mechanisms and/or a nonspecific mechanism in the oral cavity. However, confirmation of “fatty” as a taste primary will require additional studies that verify these observations are taste specific. Oral exposure to free fatty acids likely serves as a warning signal to discourage intake and influences lipid metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Functions Of Fat Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functions Of Fat Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Fatty Acid Taste?

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Firstly, the normal PP response to MSF is variable. 11 However, MSF does not increase PP in some healthy controls. 11,16 In the largest study with 24 healthy controls, the average (range) for the PP increment was 219 pg/mL (20-460 pg/mL).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Identifying vagal nerve injury with the PP response to MSF or cardiovascular vagal tests is limited by several factors. [8][9][10][11][12] Identifying vagal nerve injury with the PP response to MSF or cardiovascular vagal tests is limited by several factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Identifying vagal nerve injury with the PP response to MSF or cardiovascular vagal tests is limited by several factors. 11,16 In the largest study with 24 healthy controls, the average (range) for the PP increment was 219 pg/mL (20-460 pg/mL). 8,[11][12][13][14][15] Several studies considered an increment of 20 pg/mL or greater, or 25 pg/mL or greater, as normal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Utility of the plasma pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding in diabetic gastroenteropathy and non‐ulcer dyspepsia

Desai

Low

Camilleri

et al. 2019

Neurogastroenterology Motil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The relationship between cardiovascular and gastrointestinal (ie, plasma pancreatic polypeptide [PP] response to modified sham feeding [MSF]) indices of vagal function is unclear. Hyperglycemia inhibits PP secretion via vagally mediated mechanisms. Our aims were to (a) compare the PP response, (b) its relationship with glycemia, and (c) the relationship between PP response to MSF, gastric emptying (GE) of solids, and symptoms during GE study in healthy controls, patients with diabetic gastroenteropathy (DM), and non‐ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). Methods In 24 healthy controls, 40 DM, and 40 NUD patients, we measured plasma PP concentrations during MSF, cardiovagal functions, GE, and symptoms during a GE study. Key Results Baseline PP concentrations were higher in DM than in controls and NUD (P = .01), and in type 2 than in type 1 DM patients (P < .01). The PP increment during MSF was normal (≥20 pg/mL) in 70% of controls, 54% of DM, and 47% of NUD patients. Overall, the PP response and cardiovagal tests were concordant (P = .01). Among patients with a reduced PP increment with MSF, 7/10 of T1DM and 1/7 of T2DM patients had moderate or severe cardiovagal dysfunctions (P < .05). The PP response to MSF was not associated with GE. Conclusions & Inferences Up to 30% of healthy controls have a reduced PP increment during MSF, limiting the utility of this test to detect vagal injury. The PP response is more useful when it is normal than abnormal. A reduced PP response is more likely to be associated with cardiovagal dysfunctions in T1DM than in T2DM.

show abstract